Armored cable (BX or AC cable)

Armored cable is a durable, versatile electrical cable with a protective metal layer, suitable for residential, commercial, and industrial installations.

Armored cable (BX or AC cable)

Armored Cable (BX or AC Cable): A Comprehensive Guide

Armored cable, commonly referred to as BX or AC (Armored Clad) cable, is a type of electrical cable that features a protective outer layer to shield the conductors inside. This outer layer, often made of metal, provides an extra layer of protection against physical damage, making it an ideal choice for certain electrical installations. In this article, we will explore the various aspects of armored cable, including its construction, applications, and advantages over other types of electrical cables.

What is Armored Cable?

Armored cable is a type of electrical cable that is designed with an additional layer of protection to safeguard the conductors from external factors, such as moisture, impact, and abrasion. This added layer of protection is usually made of metal, such as steel, aluminum, or a combination of both. The use of armored cable can be traced back to the early 20th century, when it was first introduced to provide a durable and safe solution for electrical wiring in challenging environments.

Construction of Armored Cable

The construction of armored cable typically consists of the following components:

  1. Conductors: These are the copper or aluminum wires that transmit electrical current. They are typically insulated with a layer of PVC or another non-conductive material.
  2. Insulation: This non-conductive layer is wrapped around each conductor to prevent electrical contact between the conductors and the armor.
  3. Armor: The outer protective layer of the cable, usually made of interlocking or continuously wound metal strips or wires, such as galvanized steel or aluminum. The armor provides mechanical protection to the cable and also serves as a grounding path when properly installed.
  4. Sheath: An optional outer layer of PVC, PE, or another material that encloses the armored layer for additional protection against moisture and other environmental factors.

Types of Armored Cable

There are two main types of armored cable, which differ in their construction and applications:

  1. Type AC (Armored Clad): This type of armored cable features an interlocking metal armor that is typically made of aluminum. Type AC cables are more flexible than other armored cables, making them easier to install. They are commonly used in residential and light commercial applications.
  2. Type MC (Metal Clad): Metal clad cables use a continuously wound metal armor, usually made of galvanized steel. These cables offer better protection against impact and are more suitable for heavy-duty commercial and industrial applications. Type MC cables also have a grounding wire included within the armor, which simplifies the installation process.

Advantages of Armored Cable

Armored cable offers several advantages over other types of electrical cables, including:

  1. Increased Durability: The metal armor layer provides an extra layer of protection, making the cable more resistant to physical damage, such as impact, crushing, and abrasion. This makes armored cable an excellent choice for installations where cables may be exposed to harsh environments or potential damage.
  2. Enhanced Safety: The armor in armored cable acts as a grounding path when properly installed, reducing the risk of electrical shock and fire hazards. Additionally, the metal armor helps shield the conductors from electromagnetic interference (EMI), which can improve the performance of the electrical system.
  3. Versatility: Armored cable is suitable for a wide range of applications, from residential and commercial wiring to industrial installations. It can be installed in various environments, including underground, in conduit, or directly on walls or ceilings.
  4. Cost-effective: Although armored cable may have a higher initial cost compared to non-armored cables, it can save money in the long run due to its increased durability and reduced maintenance requirements.

Applications of Armored Cable

Armored cable is suitable for a wide range of applications, including:

  • Residential wiring, such as in basements, garages, or exterior walls.
  • Commercial installations, including office buildings, retail stores, and healthcare facilities.
  • Industrial applications, such as manufacturing plants, power stations, and mining operations.
  • Outdoor installations, including street lighting and traffic signal systems.

Installation Considerations

When installing armored cable, it is essential to follow proper safety guidelines and installation practices, including:

  1. Grounding: Ensure that the armor is properly grounded to provide a safe electrical path for fault currents. In Type MC cables, the grounding conductor is already included within the armor, making this process simpler.
  2. Proper Support: Armored cable should be adequately supported using cable clamps, straps, or hangers, as specified by the National Electrical Code (NEC) and local regulations.
  3. Bend Radius: Avoid bending armored cable too sharply, as it may cause damage to the armor or conductors. Follow the manufacturer’s recommendations for minimum bend radius.
  4. Termination: Use appropriate fittings and connectors specifically designed for armored cable to ensure a secure and safe connection.

In conclusion, armored cable offers a durable, safe, and versatile option for electrical installations in various environments. By understanding its construction, types, and applications, professionals and homeowners alike can make informed decisions about the best cable solution for their specific needs.

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