Explore the top five common electric welding techniques and their applications in different industries.
Five Common Electric Welding Techniques
Electric welding, a fabrication process that joins materials, usually metals or thermoplastics, by using high heat to melt the parts together, is integral to many industries. Let’s delve into five of the most common electric welding techniques.
1. Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW)
Shielded Metal Arc Welding, often referred to as ‘stick welding,’ is a manual welding technique. Its versatility and simplicity have made it popular in the construction industry. The welder uses a consumable electrode covered with flux, which provides the shield against contamination.
2. Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW/MIG)
The Gas Metal Arc Welding technique, known as MIG (Metal Inert Gas) welding, uses a continuously fed wire as both electrode and filler material. An external gas supply shields the weld from atmospheric contamination. It’s widely employed in industries like automotive for its speed and adaptability.
3. Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW/TIG)
In Gas Tungsten Arc Welding, commonly known as TIG (Tungsten Inert Gas) welding, the welder uses a non-consumable tungsten electrode. This technique offers high precision and control, making it suitable for thin workpieces in aerospace and art industries.
4. Flux-Cored Arc Welding (FCAW)
The Flux-Cored Arc Welding technique uses a tubular wire electrode filled with a flux. It can be used with or without a shielding gas, which makes it suitable for outdoor welding. Due to its high welding speed and portability, FCAW is favored in construction projects.
5. Submerged Arc Welding (SAW)
The Submerged Arc Welding technique buries the weld in a flux, protecting it from contamination. This technique is usually mechanized due to the high levels of heat and radiation. With high deposition rates, it’s ideal for heavy industries and large-scale applications.
Each welding technique has its strengths and specific applications. Understanding these methods helps in selecting the right one for any given task, ensuring the efficiency and quality of the work.
