{"id":80804,"date":"2024-01-14T13:19:23","date_gmt":"2024-01-14T13:19:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/atracao-e-repulsao-de-materiais-magneticos-teoria-do-magnetismo\/"},"modified":"2024-01-20T10:05:41","modified_gmt":"2024-01-20T10:05:41","slug":"atracao-e-repulsao-de-materiais-magneticos-teoria-do-magnetismo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/pt-br\/atracao-e-repulsao-de-materiais-magneticos-teoria-do-magnetismo\/","title":{"rendered":"Atra\u00e7\u00e3o e repuls\u00e3o de materiais magn\u00e9ticos | Teoria do Magnetismo"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Atra\u00e7\u00e3o e Repuls\u00e3o de Materiais Magn\u00e9ticos<\/h2>\n<p>O magnetismo \u00e9 uma for\u00e7a fundamental da natureza que surge devido ao movimento de part\u00edculas carregadas, como os el\u00e9trons. Ele constitui uma das duas componentes da for\u00e7a eletromagn\u00e9tica, sendo a outra a eletricidade. O magnetismo \u00e9 respons\u00e1vel pela atra\u00e7\u00e3o e repuls\u00e3o entre certos materiais, como ferro, n\u00edquel e cobalto, conhecidos como materiais ferromagn\u00e9ticos.<\/p>\n<h2>Teoria da Atra\u00e7\u00e3o e Repuls\u00e3o Magn\u00e9tica<\/h2>\n<p>A teoria da atra\u00e7\u00e3o e repuls\u00e3o entre certos materiais magn\u00e9ticos baseia-se nos princ\u00edpios fundamentais do magnetismo. A for\u00e7a magn\u00e9tica origina-se do movimento de part\u00edculas carregadas, como el\u00e9trons, dentro dos \u00e1tomos. Esses movimentos criam pequenos campos magn\u00e9ticos, conhecidos como momentos de dipolo magn\u00e9tico. Em materiais magn\u00e9ticos espec\u00edficos, como os ferromagn\u00e9ticos (por exemplo, ferro, n\u00edquel e cobalto), os momentos de dipolo magn\u00e9tico de \u00e1tomos adjacentes tendem a se alinhar paralelamente, formando regi\u00f5es chamadas dom\u00ednios magn\u00e9ticos. Quando esses dom\u00ednios est\u00e3o alinhados na mesma dire\u00e7\u00e3o, eles produzem um campo magn\u00e9tico l\u00edquido, resultando em um material magnetizado com polos norte e sul distintos.<\/p>\n<h2>Princ\u00edpio Fundamental da Intera\u00e7\u00e3o Magn\u00e9tica<\/h2>\n<p>O princ\u00edpio fundamental que rege a intera\u00e7\u00e3o entre materiais magn\u00e9ticos \u00e9 que polos opostos se atraem, enquanto polos iguais se repelem. Isso pode ser explicado da seguinte forma:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Atra\u00e7\u00e3o:<\/strong> Quando o polo norte de um \u00edm\u00e3 \u00e9 aproximado do polo sul de outro, seus campos magn\u00e9ticos interagem, fazendo com que as linhas de campo magn\u00e9tico se conectem e fluam de um polo para o outro. Esse fluxo de linhas de campo magn\u00e9tico resulta em uma for\u00e7a atrativa entre os dois \u00edm\u00e3s.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Repuls\u00e3o:<\/strong> Por outro lado, quando dois polos iguais (por exemplo, dois polos norte ou dois polos sul) s\u00e3o aproximados, as linhas de campo magn\u00e9tico originadas de cada polo s\u00e3o for\u00e7adas a curvar ao redor e retornar aos seus respectivos polos opostos. Essa intera\u00e7\u00e3o cria uma for\u00e7a repulsiva entre os dois \u00edm\u00e3s.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Materiais Paramagn\u00e9ticos e Diamagn\u00e9ticos<\/h2>\n<p>Al\u00e9m dos materiais ferromagn\u00e9ticos, existem tamb\u00e9m os materiais paramagn\u00e9ticos e diamagn\u00e9ticos. Materiais paramagn\u00e9ticos possuem el\u00e9trons desemparelhados com momentos de dipolo magn\u00e9tico que se alinham com um campo magn\u00e9tico externo, resultando em uma atra\u00e7\u00e3o fraca. Materiais diamagn\u00e9ticos, por outro lado, s\u00e3o fracamente repelidos por campos magn\u00e9ticos externos devido aos momentos de dipolo magn\u00e9tico induzidos que se op\u00f5em ao campo aplicado. No entanto, essas for\u00e7as s\u00e3o significativamente mais fracas do que as observadas em materiais ferromagn\u00e9ticos.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/logo.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: center; font-size: 20px;\">\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/attraction-and-repulsion-of-magnetic-materials\/\">Original Article<\/a>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A teoria da atra\u00e7\u00e3o e repuls\u00e3o entre certos materiais magn\u00e9ticos baseia-se nos princ\u00edpios fundamentais do magnetismo.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1581,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_generate-full-width-content":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-80804","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nao-categorizado","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-50"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v17.9 - 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