{"id":80682,"date":"2024-01-14T13:15:41","date_gmt":"2024-01-14T13:15:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/resistencia-dieletrica-definicao-valores-e-exemplos\/"},"modified":"2024-01-20T09:58:53","modified_gmt":"2024-01-20T09:58:53","slug":"resistencia-dieletrica-definicao-valores-e-exemplos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/pt-br\/resistencia-dieletrica-definicao-valores-e-exemplos\/","title":{"rendered":"Resist\u00eancia Diel\u00e9trica | Defini\u00e7\u00e3o, Valores e Exemplos"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>For\u00e7a Diel\u00e9trica: Uma Vis\u00e3o Geral<\/h2>\n<p>A for\u00e7a diel\u00e9trica de um material isolante \u00e9 definida como a maior intensidade de campo el\u00e9trico que ele pode suportar intrinsecamente sem perder suas caracter\u00edsticas isolantes. Em um campo el\u00e9trico suficientemente forte, as propriedades isolantes de um isolante se rompem, permitindo o fluxo de carga. A for\u00e7a diel\u00e9trica \u00e9 medida como a tens\u00e3o m\u00e1xima necess\u00e1ria para produzir uma ruptura diel\u00e9trica atrav\u00e9s de um material.<\/p>\n<h2>Medi\u00e7\u00e3o e Unidades<\/h2>\n<p>Em SI, a unidade de for\u00e7a diel\u00e9trica \u00e9 volts por metro (V\/m). Unidades relacionadas como volts por cent\u00edmetro (V\/cm) e megavolts por metro (MV\/m) tamb\u00e9m s\u00e3o comuns. Esta quantidade \u00e9 significativamente afetada por temperatura, impurezas, irregularidades nos eletrodos met\u00e1licos e outros fatores dif\u00edceis de controlar. Por isso, os valores de for\u00e7a diel\u00e9trica s\u00e3o geralmente aproximados.<\/p>\n<h2>For\u00e7a Diel\u00e9trica do Ar Seco<\/h2>\n<p>A for\u00e7a diel\u00e9trica do ar seco \u00e9 de cerca de 3 MV\/m. Comparando, os valores para outros materiais isolantes s\u00e3o substancialmente maiores que o valor para o ar.<\/p>\n<h2>For\u00e7a Diel\u00e9trica em Capacitores<\/h2>\n<p>A for\u00e7a diel\u00e9trica \u00e9 crucial para diel\u00e9tricos em capacitores. A introdu\u00e7\u00e3o de um diel\u00e9trico visa limitar a diferen\u00e7a de potencial que pode ser aplicada entre as placas a um valor m\u00e1ximo, chamado de potencial de ruptura. Se este valor for substancialmente excedido, o material diel\u00e9trico romper\u00e1 e formar\u00e1 um caminho condutor entre as placas.<\/p>\n<h2>Valores de For\u00e7a Diel\u00e9trica de Materiais Importantes<\/h2>\n<p>Os seguintes s\u00e3o os valores aproximados de for\u00e7a diel\u00e9trica (em kilovolts por mil\u00edmetro, ou kV\/mm) dos 10 diel\u00e9tricos mais importantes:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ar &#8211; 3 kV\/mm<\/li>\n<li>V\u00e1cuo &#8211; 20-150 kV\/mm (dependendo do n\u00edvel de v\u00e1cuo)<\/li>\n<li>Diamante &#8211; 1-2 MV\/mm<\/li>\n<li>Vidro &#8211; 0.01-1 MV\/mm (dependendo do tipo e qualidade)<\/li>\n<li>Papel &#8211; 5-50 kV\/mm (dependendo da espessura e qualidade)<\/li>\n<li>Mica &#8211; 10-200 kV\/mm (dependendo do tipo e qualidade)<\/li>\n<li>Porcelana &#8211; 10-40 kV\/mm<\/li>\n<li>Teflon &#8211; 60-120 kV\/mm<\/li>\n<li>Poli\u00e9tileno &#8211; 15-50 kV\/mm (dependendo da densidade e qualidade)<\/li>\n<li>PVC (Cloreto de Polivinila) &#8211; 40-50 kV\/mm<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Aplica\u00e7\u00f5es de Diel\u00e9tricos em Capacitores<\/h2>\n<p>Diel\u00e9tricos t\u00eam muitas aplica\u00e7\u00f5es, mas a mais significativa \u00e9 em capacitores. Em muitos capacitores, existe um material isolante, como papel ou pl\u00e1stico, entre as placas. Esse material, chamado diel\u00e9trico, \u00e9 usado para manter uma separa\u00e7\u00e3o f\u00edsica das placas. A inser\u00e7\u00e3o de um diel\u00e9trico s\u00f3lido entre as placas de um capacitor serve a tr\u00eas fun\u00e7\u00f5es:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Separa\u00e7\u00e3o mec\u00e2nica<\/li>\n<li>Isolamento el\u00e9trico &#8211; permite maior voltagem<\/li>\n<li>Redu\u00e7\u00e3o do campo el\u00e9trico &#8211; aumenta a capacit\u00e2ncia<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Considera\u00e7\u00f5es Finais<\/h2>\n<p>\u00c9 importante notar que a for\u00e7a diel\u00e9trica de um material pode variar dependendo de fatores como temperatura, umidade e a presen\u00e7a de impurezas ou defeitos. Al\u00e9m disso, a tens\u00e3o de ruptura pode depender da geometria e orienta\u00e7\u00e3o espec\u00edficas do material em teste. Esses valores s\u00e3o fornecidos como um guia aproximado e podem n\u00e3o se aplicar em todas as situa\u00e7\u00f5es.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/dielectric-strength-image.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: center; font-size: 20px;\">\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/dielectric-strength\/\">Original Article<\/a>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A rigidez diel\u00e9trica do material isolante \u00e9 definida como a maior intensidade de campo el\u00e9trico que ele pode tolerar intrinsecamente sem perder suas caracter\u00edsticas isolantes.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6240,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_generate-full-width-content":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-80682","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nao-categorizado","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-50"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v17.9 - 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