{"id":80510,"date":"2024-01-14T13:07:42","date_gmt":"2024-01-14T13:07:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/composicao-da-bateria-alcalina-anodo-catodo-e-eletrolito\/"},"modified":"2024-01-20T09:50:56","modified_gmt":"2024-01-20T09:50:56","slug":"composicao-da-bateria-alcalina-anodo-catodo-e-eletrolito","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/pt-br\/composicao-da-bateria-alcalina-anodo-catodo-e-eletrolito\/","title":{"rendered":"Composi\u00e7\u00e3o da bateria alcalina | \u00c2nodo, C\u00e1todo e Eletr\u00f3lito"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Composi\u00e7\u00e3o da Bateria Alcalina<\/h2>\n<h2>Introdu\u00e7\u00e3o<\/h2>\n<p>As baterias alcalinas, conhecidas pelo seu c\u00f3digo IEC: L, s\u00e3o uma fonte prim\u00e1ria de corrente el\u00e9trica direta, resultante da rea\u00e7\u00e3o eletroqu\u00edmica entre zinco e di\u00f3xido de mangan\u00eas (MnO<sub>2<\/sub>) em presen\u00e7a de um eletr\u00f3lito alcalino. Sua popularidade deriva do uso extensivo em dispositivos port\u00e1teis como ferramentas el\u00e9tricas, r\u00e1dios, brinquedos e controles remotos. O tamanho mais comum de bateria alcalina \u00e9 o modelo AA, frequentemente utilizado em dispositivos que possuem baixa drenagem de corrente, uso intermitente ou que operam longe de outras fontes de energia el\u00e9trica.<\/p>\n<h2>Componentes Principais<\/h2>\n<p>A bateria alcalina \u00e9 composta por cinco partes principais:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Coletor de Corrente Interno (pino):<\/strong> \u00c9 a parte que faz a coleta de corrente no interior da bateria.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u00c2nodo:<\/strong> O material ativo do \u00e2nodo \u00e9 o zinco (Zn), com um potencial de eletrodo padr\u00e3o (PEP) de -0,76 volts, tornando-o adequado para uso como material de \u00e2nodo em baterias. Em compara\u00e7\u00e3o, o l\u00edtio, com um PEP de -3,04 V, \u00e9 usado em baterias de l\u00edtio.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Separador:<\/strong> Uma membrana perme\u00e1vel colocada entre o \u00e2nodo e o c\u00e1todo da bateria, frequentemente feita de tecido fibroso n\u00e3o tecido, que separa os eletrodos.<\/li>\n<li><strong>C\u00e1todo:<\/strong> O material ativo do c\u00e1todo \u00e9 o di\u00f3xido de mangan\u00eas (MnO<sub>2<\/sub>), amplamente utilizado em baterias secas, como as baterias alcalinas e de zinco-carbono.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Eletr\u00f3lito:<\/strong> Hidr\u00f3xido de pot\u00e1ssio aquoso \u00e9 usado como eletr\u00f3lito em baterias alcalinas.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Coletor de Corrente Externo (lata):<\/strong> Constr\u00f3i uma conex\u00e3o entre a bateria e o circuito el\u00e9trico externo.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Funcionamento e Rea\u00e7\u00f5es Qu\u00edmicas<\/h2>\n<p>No interior da bateria alcalina, os eletrodos porosos, \u00e2nodo e c\u00e1todo, constituem as maiores partes. Estes eletrodos s\u00e3o feitos de part\u00edculas, com o eletr\u00f3lito preenchendo os espa\u00e7os vazios. A energia el\u00e9trica da bateria Zn-MnO<sub>2<\/sub> prov\u00e9m das rea\u00e7\u00f5es eletroqu\u00edmicas dos materiais ativos de c\u00e1todo e \u00e2nodo. Um separador poroso impede o contato direto entre c\u00e1todo e \u00e2nodo.<\/p>\n<h2>Import\u00e2ncia e Aplica\u00e7\u00f5es<\/h2>\n<p>Al\u00e9m de seu uso disseminado em dispositivos port\u00e1teis, as baterias alcalinas s\u00e3o cruciais em circuitos de alarme e comunica\u00e7\u00e3o onde outras fontes de energia el\u00e9trica est\u00e3o dispon\u00edveis apenas intermitentemente. A sua composi\u00e7\u00e3o qu\u00edmica, que inclui o eletr\u00f3lito alcalino de hidr\u00f3xido de pot\u00e1ssio (KOH) em vez dos eletr\u00f3litos \u00e1cidos de cloreto de am\u00f4nio (NH<sub>4<\/sub>Cl) ou cloreto de zinco (ZnCl<sub>2<\/sub>) encontrados nas baterias de zinco-carbono, \u00e9 um fator distintivo e essencial para sua efic\u00e1cia e efici\u00eancia.<\/p>\n<h2>Conclus\u00e3o<\/h2>\n<p>A bateria alcalina se destaca no mundo das baterias por sua composi\u00e7\u00e3o \u00fanica e efici\u00eancia em aplica\u00e7\u00f5es espec\u00edficas. A compreens\u00e3o de seus componentes e funcionamento \u00e9 fundamental para otimizar seu uso e expandir seu potencial em diversas aplica\u00e7\u00f5es tecnol\u00f3gicas.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/composition-alkaline-battery.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: center; font-size: 20px;\">\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/electric-battery\/composition-of-alkaline-battery\/\">Original Article<\/a>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Composi\u00e7\u00e3o da bateria alcalina: A bateria alcalina consiste em um eletr\u00f3lito alcalino de hidr\u00f3xido de pot\u00e1ssio (KOH), \u00e2nodo de zinco e c\u00e1todo de di\u00f3xido de mangan\u00eas.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3983,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_generate-full-width-content":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-80510","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nao-categorizado","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-50"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v17.9 - 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