{"id":80441,"date":"2024-01-14T13:04:44","date_gmt":"2024-01-14T13:04:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/energia-potencial-eletrica-definicao-formula-e-calculo\/"},"modified":"2024-01-20T09:47:26","modified_gmt":"2024-01-20T09:47:26","slug":"energia-potencial-eletrica-definicao-formula-e-calculo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/pt-br\/energia-potencial-eletrica-definicao-formula-e-calculo\/","title":{"rendered":"Energia Potencial El\u00e9trica | Defini\u00e7\u00e3o, F\u00f3rmula e C\u00e1lculo"},"content":{"rendered":"

Energia Potencial El\u00e9trica<\/h2>\n

A energia potencial el\u00e9trica, denotada por U, \u00e9 uma quantidade f\u00edsica escalar que representa a energia necess\u00e1ria para deslocar uma carga el\u00e9trica contra um campo el\u00e9trico. A unidade no Sistema Internacional (SI) para energia potencial el\u00e9trica \u00e9 o joule (J). Esta energia \u00e9 crucial para compreender fen\u00f4menos el\u00e9tricos e eletrost\u00e1ticos.<\/p>\n

Potencial El\u00e9trico<\/h2>\n

O potencial el\u00e9trico, simbolizado por V (ou ocasionalmente \u03c6), \u00e9 uma quantidade f\u00edsica escalar que descreve a energia potencial de uma carga el\u00e9trica unit\u00e1ria em um campo eletrost\u00e1tico. Ele \u00e9 definido como a quantidade de energia de trabalho necess\u00e1ria para mover uma carga el\u00e9trica unit\u00e1ria de um ponto de refer\u00eancia para um ponto espec\u00edfico no campo el\u00e9trico. Matematicamente, o potencial el\u00e9trico em um ponto \u00e9 dado por Va<\/sub> = Ua<\/sub>\/q, onde Ua<\/sub> \u00e9 a energia potencial el\u00e9trica e q \u00e9 a carga el\u00e9trica.<\/p>\n

Medindo a Diferen\u00e7a de Potencial<\/h2>\n

Apenas diferen\u00e7as na energia potencial s\u00e3o mensur\u00e1veis. Estas diferen\u00e7as s\u00e3o medidas com um volt\u00edmetro. A diferen\u00e7a de potencial el\u00e9trico \u00e9 an\u00e1loga \u00e0 diferen\u00e7a de potencial gravitacional, onde uma for\u00e7a \u00e9 exercida sobre objetos com massa. Cargas experimentam uma for\u00e7a quando h\u00e1 uma diferen\u00e7a de potencial el\u00e9trico, e a dire\u00e7\u00e3o dessa for\u00e7a depende do sinal da carga.<\/p>\n

Campo El\u00e9trico e Potencial El\u00e9trico<\/h2>\n

O campo el\u00e9trico E \u00e9 an\u00e1logo ao g, que chamamos de acelera\u00e7\u00e3o devido \u00e0 gravidade, mas que na realidade \u00e9 o campo gravitacional. Tudo que aprendemos sobre gravidade e como as massas respondem \u00e0s for\u00e7as gravitacionais pode nos ajudar a entender como as cargas el\u00e9tricas respondem \u00e0s for\u00e7as el\u00e9tricas.<\/p>\n

Exemplo de Energia Potencial El\u00e9trica<\/h2>\n

Um exemplo cl\u00e1ssico \u00e9 a energia potencial eletrost\u00e1tica, UE<\/sub>, de uma carga pontual q em posi\u00e7\u00e3o r na presen\u00e7a de uma carga pontual Q. Tomando uma separa\u00e7\u00e3o infinita entre as cargas como posi\u00e7\u00e3o de refer\u00eancia, a energia potencial el\u00e9trica \u00e9 dada por uma f\u00f3rmula espec\u00edfica.<\/p>\n

Perguntas Frequentes<\/h2>\n

O que \u00e9 o potencial el\u00e9trico?<\/strong> O potencial el\u00e9trico, V, descreve a energia potencial de uma carga el\u00e9trica unit\u00e1ria em um campo eletrost\u00e1tico.<\/p>\n

Qual \u00e9 a analogia do potencial el\u00e9trico?<\/strong> A diferen\u00e7a de potencial el\u00e9trico \u00e9 an\u00e1loga \u00e0 diferen\u00e7a de potencial gravitacional, onde a for\u00e7a depende do campo gravitacional.<\/p>\n

O que \u00e9 importante para o potencial el\u00e9trico?<\/strong> Embora o conceito de potencial el\u00e9trico seja \u00fatil para entender fen\u00f4menos el\u00e9tricos, apenas diferen\u00e7as na energia potencial s\u00e3o mensur\u00e1veis com um volt\u00edmetro.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\n Original Article<\/a>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

A energia potencial el\u00e9trica, denotada por U, \u00e9 uma quantidade f\u00edsica escalar necess\u00e1ria para substituir uma carga contra um campo el\u00e9trico. A unidade SI de energia potencial el\u00e9trica \u00e9 joule (J).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2155,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_generate-full-width-content":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-80441","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nao-categorizado","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-50"],"yoast_head":"\nEnergia Potencial El\u00e9trica | Defini\u00e7\u00e3o, F\u00f3rmula e C\u00e1lculo<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A energia potencial el\u00e9trica, denotada por U, \u00e9 uma quantidade f\u00edsica escalar necess\u00e1ria para substituir uma carga contra um campo el\u00e9trico. 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