{"id":2395,"date":"2022-02-11T11:27:58","date_gmt":"2022-02-11T11:27:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/lei-de-conservacao-de-carga-eletrica\/"},"modified":"2022-06-10T13:16:21","modified_gmt":"2022-06-10T13:16:21","slug":"lei-de-conservacao-de-carga-eletrica","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/pt-br\/eletrostatica\/carga-eletrica\/lei-de-conservacao-de-carga-eletrica\/","title":{"rendered":"Lei de Conserva\u00e7\u00e3o de Carga El\u00e9trica"},"content":{"rendered":"
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<\/path><\/svg><\/span>Resumo de 30 segundos<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Conserva\u00e7\u00e3o de Carga El\u00e9trica<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Uma carga el\u00e9trica \u00e9 uma quantidade f\u00edsica e uma propriedade da mat\u00e9ria que faz com que ela experimente uma for\u00e7a quando colocada em um campo eletromagn\u00e9tico. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

A lei da conserva\u00e7\u00e3o da carga el\u00e9trica<\/strong> afirma que: <\/p>\n\n\n\n

A soma alg\u00e9brica de todas as cargas el\u00e9tricas em qualquer sistema fechado \u00e9 constante. <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

O segundo princ\u00edpio importante \u00e9:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

A magnitude da carga do el\u00e9tron ou pr\u00f3ton \u00e9 uma unidade natural de carga.<\/em><\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n

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\"lei
Conserva\u00e7\u00e3o de carga el\u00e9trica em decaimento beta. A lei da conserva\u00e7\u00e3o da carga el\u00e9trica afirma que a soma alg\u00e9brica de todas as cargas el\u00e9tricas em qualquer sistema fechado \u00e9 constante.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>
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Lei de Conserva\u00e7\u00e3o de Carga El\u00e9trica <\/h2>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n
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Na f\u00edsica, existem dois princ\u00edpios muito importantes relativos \u00e0 carga el\u00e9trica.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A primeira \u00e9 a lei da conserva\u00e7\u00e3o da carga el\u00e9trica<\/strong> . Essa lei afirma que:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A soma alg\u00e9brica de todas as cargas el\u00e9tricas em qualquer sistema fechado \u00e9 constante.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

A \u00fanica maneira de alterar a carga l\u00edquida de um sistema \u00e9 trazer a carga de outro lugar ou remover uma carga do sistema. A carga pode ser criada e destru\u00edda, mas apenas em pares positivo-negativo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A conserva\u00e7\u00e3o da carga<\/strong> \u00e9 considerada uma lei de conserva\u00e7\u00e3o universal<\/strong> . Nenhuma evid\u00eancia experimental de qualquer viola\u00e7\u00e3o deste princ\u00edpio foi observada. Na f\u00edsica de part\u00edculas, conserva\u00e7\u00e3o de carga significa que em rea\u00e7\u00f5es de part\u00edculas elementares que criam part\u00edculas carregadas, n\u00fameros iguais de part\u00edculas positivas e negativas s\u00e3o sempre criados, mantendo a quantidade l\u00edquida de carga inalterada<\/strong> . Mesmo em intera\u00e7\u00f5es de alta energia nas quais part\u00edculas s\u00e3o criadas e destru\u00eddas, como a cria\u00e7\u00e3o de pares p\u00f3sitron-el\u00e9tron<\/strong><\/a> , a carga total de qualquer sistema fechado \u00e9 exatamente constante.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O segundo princ\u00edpio importante \u00e9:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

A magnitude da carga do el\u00e9tron ou pr\u00f3ton \u00e9 uma unidade natural de carga.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dizemos que a carga \u00e9 quantizada<\/strong> . Ou seja, toda quantidade observ\u00e1vel de carga el\u00e9trica \u00e9 sempre um m\u00faltiplo inteiro dessa unidade b\u00e1sica. Essa unidade \u00e9 chamada de carga elementar<\/strong> , e<\/em> , aproximadamente igual a 1,602 \u00d7 10 \u221219<\/sup><\/strong> coulombs (exceto para part\u00edculas chamadas quarks, que t\u00eam cargas que s\u00e3o m\u00faltiplos inteiros de 1\u20443 e<\/em> ).<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n

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\"Perguntas<\/figure>
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<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Perguntas frequentes<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Que part\u00edculas nos \u00e1tomos t\u00eam uma carga el\u00e9trica?<\/strong>


Um \u00e1tomo consiste em um n\u00facleo carregado positivamente cercado por el\u00e9trons carregados negativamente, de modo que o \u00e1tomo como um todo \u00e9 eletricamente neutro. O n\u00facleo at\u00f4mico consiste em pr\u00f3tons carregados positivamente e n\u00eautrons neutros.<\/p> <\/div>

Qual \u00e9 a unidade de carga el\u00e9trica?<\/strong>

O coulomb (s\u00edmbolo: C) \u00e9 a unidade de carga el\u00e9trica do Sistema Internacional de Unidades (SI). O coulomb foi definido como a quantidade de eletricidade transportada em um segundo por uma corrente de um ampere: 1 C = 1 A \u00d7 1 s
<\/p> <\/div>

Por que a lei da conserva\u00e7\u00e3o da carga \u00e9 t\u00e3o importante?<\/strong>

Este conceito \u00e9 importante para todas as rea\u00e7\u00f5es nucleares \u2013 decaimento alfa, decaimento beta, decaimento gama, etc. \u2014 porque permite aos cientistas prever a composi\u00e7\u00e3o do produto final na rea\u00e7\u00e3o. Nessas rea\u00e7\u00f5es, um n\u00facleo se transforma em um tipo diferente de n\u00facleo ou n\u00facleos, enquanto a carga \u00e9 conservada.<\/p> <\/div> <\/div>\n\n\n\n

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\n\n\n<\/span>\n<\/span>\n<\/span>\n<\/span>\n Pr\u00f3ximo \nArtigo\n<\/a>\n\n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Na f\u00edsica, existem dois princ\u00edpios muito importantes relativos \u00e0 carga el\u00e9trica. A primeira \u00e9 a lei da conserva\u00e7\u00e3o da carga el\u00e9trica . Essa lei afirma que: A soma alg\u00e9brica de … Leia mais<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":2402,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_generate-full-width-content":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2395","page","type-page","status-publish"],"yoast_head":"\nLei de Conserva\u00e7\u00e3o de Carga El\u00e9trica | Declara\u00e7\u00e3o e Exemplo<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A lei da conserva\u00e7\u00e3o da carga el\u00e9trica afirma que a soma alg\u00e9brica de todas as cargas el\u00e9tricas em qualquer sistema fechado \u00e9 constante.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/pt-br\/eletrostatica\/carga-eletrica\/lei-de-conservacao-de-carga-eletrica\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_BR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Lei de Conserva\u00e7\u00e3o de Carga El\u00e9trica | Declara\u00e7\u00e3o e Exemplo\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"A lei da conserva\u00e7\u00e3o da carga el\u00e9trica afirma que a soma alg\u00e9brica de todas as cargas el\u00e9tricas em qualquer sistema fechado \u00e9 constante.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/pt-br\/eletrostatica\/carga-eletrica\/lei-de-conservacao-de-carga-eletrica\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Electricity - Magnetism\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-06-10T13:16:21+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/law-of-electric-charge-conservation-example.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. tempo de leitura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"3 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/pt-br\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/pt-br\/\",\"name\":\"Electricity - Magnetism\",\"description\":\"All about electricity and magnetism.\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/pt-br\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"pt-BR\"},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/pt-br\/eletrostatica\/carga-eletrica\/lei-de-conservacao-de-carga-eletrica\/#primaryimage\",\"inLanguage\":\"pt-BR\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/law-of-electric-charge-conservation-example.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/law-of-electric-charge-conservation-example.png\",\"width\":800,\"height\":800,\"caption\":\"Conservation of electric charge in beta decay. 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The atomic nucleus consists of positively charged protons and neutral neutrons.","inLanguage":"pt-BR"},"inLanguage":"pt-BR"},{"@type":"Question","@id":"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/pt-br\/eletrostatica\/carga-eletrica\/lei-de-conservacao-de-carga-eletrica\/#faq-question-1644575380270","position":2,"url":"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/pt-br\/eletrostatica\/carga-eletrica\/lei-de-conservacao-de-carga-eletrica\/#faq-question-1644575380270","name":"What is the unit of electric charge?","answerCount":1,"acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"The coulomb (symbol: C) is the International System of Units (SI) unit of electric charge. The coulomb was defined as the quantity of electricity transported in one second by a current of one ampere: 1 C = 1 A \u00d7 1 s<br\/>","inLanguage":"pt-BR"},"inLanguage":"pt-BR"},{"@type":"Question","@id":"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/pt-br\/eletrostatica\/carga-eletrica\/lei-de-conservacao-de-carga-eletrica\/#faq-question-1644578694715","position":3,"url":"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/pt-br\/eletrostatica\/carga-eletrica\/lei-de-conservacao-de-carga-eletrica\/#faq-question-1644578694715","name":"Why is the law of conservation of charge so important?","answerCount":1,"acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"This concept is important for all nuclear reactions\u2014alpha decay, beta decay, gamma decay, etc. \u2014 because it allows scientists to predict the composition of the final product in the reaction. In these reactions, a nucleus transforms into a different type of nucleus or nuclei, while the charge is conserved.","inLanguage":"pt-BR"},"inLanguage":"pt-BR"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2395","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2395"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2395\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2402"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2395"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}