{"id":213637,"date":"2024-11-28T19:35:53","date_gmt":"2024-11-28T19:35:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/?p=213637"},"modified":"2024-11-28T19:35:53","modified_gmt":"2024-11-28T19:35:53","slug":"%ec%a0%84%ec%9e%90%ea%b8%b0%ed%8c%8c%ec%9d%98-%eb%8b%a4%ec%96%91%ed%95%9c-%ed%8e%b8%ea%b4%91-%ec%9c%a0%ed%98%95-%ec%9d%b4%ed%95%b4%ed%95%98%ea%b8%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/ko\/%ec%a0%84%ec%9e%90%ea%b8%b0%ed%8c%8c%ec%9d%98-%eb%8b%a4%ec%96%91%ed%95%9c-%ed%8e%b8%ea%b4%91-%ec%9c%a0%ed%98%95-%ec%9d%b4%ed%95%b4%ed%95%98%ea%b8%b0\/","title":{"rendered":"\uc804\uc790\uae30\ud30c\uc758 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ud3b8\uad11 \uc720\ud615 \uc774\ud574\ud558\uae30"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">\uc804\uc790\uae30\ud30c\uc758 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ud3b8\uad11 \uc720\ud615 \uc774\ud574\ud558\uae30; \ubcf8 \uae30\uc0ac\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc120\ud615, \uc6d0\ud615 \ubc0f \ud0c0\uc6d0\ud615 \ud3b8\uad11\uc758 \ud2b9\uc131\uacfc \uc801\uc6a9 \uc0ac\ub840\ub97c \uc27d\uac8c \uc124\uba85\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>\uc804\uc790\uae30\ud30c\uc758 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ud3b8\uad11 \uc720\ud615 \uc774\ud574\ud558\uae30<\/h2>\n<p>\uc804\uc790\uae30\ud30c\ub294 \ube5b\uc744 \ud3ec\ud568\ud55c \uc804\uae30 \ubc0f \uc790\uae30\uc7a5\uc774 \uacb0\ud569\ub41c \ud30c\ub3d9\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc804\uc790\uae30\ud30c\ub294 \ud2b9\uc815 \ubc29\ud5a5\uc73c\ub85c \uc9c4\ub3d9\ud558\uba70, \uc774\ub97c <em>\ud3b8\uad11<\/em>\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud3b8\uad11\uc740 \uc804\uc790\uae30\ud30c\uc758 \uc804\uae30\uc7a5 \ubca1\ud130\uac00 \uc9c4\ub3d9\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\ud5a5\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ub2e4\ub985\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\uc81c \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ud3b8\uad11 \uc720\ud615\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc54c\uc544\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>\uc120\ud615 \ud3b8\uad11<\/h2>\n<p>\uc120\ud615 \ud3b8\uad11(linear polarization)\uc740 \uc804\uc790\uae30\ud30c\uc758 \uc804\uae30\uc7a5\uc774 \uc77c\uc815\ud55c \ubc29\ud5a5\uc73c\ub85c \uc9c4\ub3d9\ud558\ub294 \ud3b8\uad11\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4, \uc804\uae30\uc7a5\uc774 x-\ucd95 \ubc29\ud5a5\uc73c\ub85c\ub9cc \uc9c4\ub3d9\ud558\uba74 \uc774\ub97c x-\ud3b8\uad11\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc120\ud615 \ud3b8\uad11\uc740 \ub450 \uac00\uc9c0 \uae30\ubcf8 \ud615\ud0dc\uac00 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>\uc218\uc9c1 \ud3b8\uad11:<\/b> \uc804\uae30\uc7a5\uc774 \uc218\uc9c1 \ubc29\ud5a5\uc73c\ub85c \uc9c4\ub3d9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li><b>\uc218\ud3c9 \ud3b8\uad11:<\/b> \uc804\uae30\uc7a5\uc774 \uc218\ud3c9 \ubc29\ud5a5\uc73c\ub85c \uc9c4\ub3d9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\uc6d0\ud615 \ud3b8\uad11<\/h2>\n<p>\uc6d0\ud615 \ud3b8\uad11(circular polarization)\uc740 \uc804\uc790\uae30\ud30c\uc758 \uc804\uae30\uc7a5\uc774\uc640 \uc790\uae30\uc7a5\uc774 \uc11c\ub85c \uc9c1\uac01\uc744 \uc774\ub8e8\uba70 \uc6d0\uc744 \uadf8\ub9ac\uba70 \uc9c4\ub3d9\ud558\ub294 \ud3b8\uad11\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uc6d0\ud615 \uc9c4\ub3d9 \ubc29\ud5a5\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc774 \ub098\ub20c \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>\uc6b0\uce21 \uc6d0\ud615 \ud3b8\uad11(right-handed circular polarization, RHCP):<\/b> \uc804\uae30\uc7a5\uc774 \uc2dc\uacc4 \ubc29\ud5a5\uc73c\ub85c \ud68c\uc804\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li><b>\uc88c\uce21 \uc6d0\ud615 \ud3b8\uad11(left-handed circular polarization, LHCP):<\/b> \uc804\uae30\uc7a5\uc774 \ubc18\uc2dc\uacc4 \ubc29\ud5a5\uc73c\ub85c \ud68c\uc804\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\uc6d0\ud615 \ud3b8\uad11\uc740 \ud5ec\ub9ac\ucf65\ud130 \ud504\ub85c\ud3a0\ub7ec\uc758 \ud68c\uc804\uacfc \uc720\uc0ac\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc804\uae30\uc7a5 \ubca1\ud130\uac00 \uc2dc\uac04\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc6d0 \uada4\uc801\uc744 \ub530\ub77c \ud68c\uc804\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>\ud0c0\uc6d0 \ud3b8\uad11<\/h2>\n<p>\ud0c0\uc6d0 \ud3b8\uad11(elliptical polarization)\uc740 \uc804\uc790\uae30\ud30c\uc758 \uc804\uae30\uc7a5\uc774 \ud0c0\uc6d0\uc744 \uadf8\ub9ac\uba70 \uc9c4\ub3d9\ud558\ub294 \ud3b8\uad11\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud0c0\uc6d0 \ud3b8\uad11\uc740 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc120\ud615 \ud3b8\uad11\uacfc \uc6d0\ud615 \ud3b8\uad11\uc758 \uc911\uac04 \ud615\ud0dc\ub85c, \uc804\uae30\uc7a5 \ubca1\ud130\uac00 \ud0c0\uc6d0\uc758 \uacbd\ub85c\ub97c \ub530\ub77c \uc9c4\ub3d9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud0c0\uc6d0\uc758 \ud615\ud0dc\ub294 \uc8fc\uc5b4\uc9c4 \ud3b8\uad11 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc5d0\uc11c \uc804\uae30\uc7a5 \uc131\ubd84\uc758 \ud06c\uae30\uc640 \uc704\uc0c1 \ucc28\uc774\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \uacb0\uc815\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>\uc218\ud559\uc801 \ud45c\ud604<\/h2>\n<p>\ud3b8\uad11\uc758 \uc218\ud559\uc801 \ud45c\ud604\uc744 \uc608\ub85c \ub4e4\uc5b4 \uc124\uba85\ud574 \ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc804\uae30\uc7a5\uc758 \uc2dc\uac04(p=0)\uc744 \ub098\ud0c0\ub0b4\ub294 \ud45c\ud604\uc740 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n<p>\\[<br \/>\n\\vec{E}(t) = \\hat{x}E_x \\cos(\\omega t + \\phi_x) + \\hat{y}E_y \\cos(\\omega t + \\phi_y)<br \/>\n\\]<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\\( \\vec{E}(t) \\) : \uc2dc\uac04 t\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc804\uae30\uc7a5 \ubca1\ud130<\/li>\n<li>\\( \\hat{x}, \\hat{y} \\) : x, y \ubc29\ud5a5\uc758 \ub2e8\uc704 \ubca1\ud130<\/li>\n<li>\\( E_x, E_y \\) : x, y \ubc29\ud5a5\uc758 \uc804\uae30\uc7a5 \uc131\ubd84<\/li>\n<li>\\( \\omega \\) : \uac01\uc9c4\ub3d9\uc218<\/li>\n<li>\\( \\phi_x, \\phi_y \\) : x, y \ubc29\ud5a5\uc758 \uc704\uc0c1<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\uc120\ud615 \ud3b8\uad11\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \\(E_y\\) \ub610\ub294 \\(E_x\\)\uac00 0\uc774\uac70\ub098 \ub450 \uac1c\uc758 \uc704\uc0c1\uc774 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc6d0\ud615 \ud3b8\uad11\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \\(E_x = E_y\\) \uc774\uace0, \uc704\uc0c1 \ucc28\uc774\uac00 \\( \\frac{\\pi}{2} \\)\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud0c0\uc6d0 \ud3b8\uad11\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \\(E_x \\neq E_y\\) \ub610\ub294 \\(\\phi_x \\neq \\phi_y\\) \uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>\ud3b8\uad11\uc758 \uc751\uc6a9<\/h2>\n<p>\ud3b8\uad11\uc740 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uc751\uc6a9 \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4, \uc120\ud615 \ud3b8\uad11\uc740 \ud0dc\uc591 \uc548\uacbd\uc5d0\uc11c \ube5b\uc758 \ubc18\uc0ac\ub97c \uc904\uc774\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc6d0\ud615 \ud3b8\uad11\uc740 \uc704\uc131 \ud1b5\uc2e0\uacfc 3D \uc601\ud654\uc5d0 \ud65c\uc6a9\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud6a8\uc728\uc801\uc774\uace0 \uc815\ud655\ud55c \uc2e0\ud638 \uc804\ub2ec\uc744 \uc704\ud574 \ud2b9\uc815 \ud3b8\uad11 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc758 \uc804\uc790\uae30\ud30c\uac00 \uc120\ud0dd\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\ud3b8\uad11\uc744 \uc774\ud574\ud558\uba74 \uc804\uc790\uae30\ud30c\uc758 \ud589\ub3d9\uc744 \ub354\uc6b1 \uae4a\uc774 \uc788\uac8c \uc774\ud574\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \uc774\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uae30\uc220\uc801 \uc751\uc6a9\uc774 \uac00\ub2a5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uae30\ucd08 \uc9c0\uc2dd\uc744 \ud1a0\ub300\ub85c \ub354 \ubcf5\uc7a1\ud55c \ud604\uc0c1\uacfc \uc774\ub860\uc744 \ubc30\uc6cc\ubcf4\ub294 \uac83\ub3c4 \ucd94\ucc9c\ub4dc\ub9bd\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\uc804\uc790\uae30\ud30c\uc758 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ud3b8\uad11 \uc720\ud615 \uc774\ud574\ud558\uae30; \ubcf8 \uae30\uc0ac\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc120\ud615, \uc6d0\ud615 \ubc0f \ud0c0\uc6d0\ud615 \ud3b8\uad11\uc758 \ud2b9\uc131\uacfc \uc801\uc6a9 \uc0ac\ub840\ub97c \uc27d\uac8c \uc124\uba85\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_generate-full-width-content":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[101],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-213637","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-101","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-50"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v17.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\uc804\uc790\uae30\ud30c\uc758 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ud3b8\uad11 \uc720\ud615 \uc774\ud574\ud558\uae30<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\uc804\uc790\uae30\ud30c\uc758 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ud3b8\uad11 \uc720\ud615 \uc774\ud574\ud558\uae30; \ubcf8 \uae30\uc0ac\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc120\ud615, \uc6d0\ud615 \ubc0f \ud0c0\uc6d0\ud615 \ud3b8\uad11\uc758 \ud2b9\uc131\uacfc \uc801\uc6a9 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