{"id":208765,"date":"2024-03-21T14:07:16","date_gmt":"2024-03-21T14:07:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%9d%b4-%ec%83%a4%ed%94%84%eb%a7%8c-%ec%9d%b4%eb%a1%a0-%ec%a0%95%ec%9d%98-%ea%b3%84%ec%82%b0-%eb%b0%8f-%ec%9d%91%ec%9a%a9\/"},"modified":"2024-05-15T11:32:50","modified_gmt":"2024-05-15T11:32:50","slug":"%ea%b5%ac%ec%9d%b4-%ec%83%a4%ed%94%84%eb%a7%8c-%ec%9d%b4%eb%a1%a0-%ec%a0%95%ec%9d%98-%ea%b3%84%ec%82%b0-%eb%b0%8f-%ec%9d%91%ec%9a%a9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/ko\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%9d%b4-%ec%83%a4%ed%94%84%eb%a7%8c-%ec%9d%b4%eb%a1%a0-%ec%a0%95%ec%9d%98-%ea%b3%84%ec%82%b0-%eb%b0%8f-%ec%9d%91%ec%9a%a9\/","title":{"rendered":"\uad6c\uc774-\uc0e4\ud504\ub9cc \uc774\ub860 | \uc815\uc758, \uacc4\uc0b0 \ubc0f \uc751\uc6a9"},"content":{"rendered":"

\uad6c\uc774-\uc0e4\ud504\ub9cc \uc774\ub860\uc740 \uc804\ud558 \ubd84\ud3ec\uac00 \uc804\uae30\uc7a5\uc5d0 \ubbf8\uce58\ub294 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \uc124\uba85\ud558\ub294 \uc804\uae30 \ubc0f \uc790\uae30 \ubd84\uc57c\uc758 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc218\ud559\uc801 \ubaa8\ub378\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uad6c\uc774-\uc0e4\ud504\ub9cc \uc774\ub860: \uac1c\uc694<\/h2>\n

\uad6c\uc774-\uc0e4\ud504\ub9cc \uc774\ub860\uc740 \uc804\uae30 \ubc0f \uc790\uae30 \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \ud558\ub294 \uc218\ud559\uc801 \ubaa8\ub378\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uc774\ub860\uc740 \uc8fc\ub85c \ubb3c\uc9c8 \ub0b4\uc758 \uc804\ud558 \ubd84\ud3ec\uac00 \uc804\uae30\uc7a5\uc744 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ubcc0\ud654\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub294\uc9c0\ub97c \uc124\uba85\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud2b9\ud788 \ubcf5\uc7a1\ud55c \ud615\ud0dc\uc758 \uc804\uadf9\uc774 \uc8fc\ubcc0 \uacf5\uac04\uc758 \uc804\uae30\uc7a5\uc5d0 \ubbf8\uce58\ub294 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \uacc4\uc0b0\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uc720\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uc774\ub860\uc740 \ubb3c\ub9ac\ud559\uc790 \uad6c\uc774(Quincke)\uc640 \uc0e4\ud504\ub9cc(Sharfman)\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \uac1c\ubc1c\ub418\uc5c8\uc73c\uba70, \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uacf5\ud559 \ubc0f \uacfc\ud559 \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0\uc11c \ub110\ub9ac \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uad6c\uc774-\uc0e4\ud504\ub9cc \uc774\ub860\uc758 \uc815\uc758<\/h2>\n

\uad6c\uc774-\uc0e4\ud504\ub9cc \uc774\ub860\uc740 \ud2b9\uc815 \uc804\uadf9 \ud615\ud0dc\uc640 \uc8fc\ubcc0 \ub9e4\uc9c8\uc758 \uc804\uae30\uc801 \ud2b9\uc131\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc5ec, \uadf8 \uc8fc\ubcc0\uc758 \uc804\uae30\uc7a5 \ubd84\ud3ec\ub97c \uacc4\uc0b0\ud558\ub294 \uc774\ub860\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \ubc29\uc815\uc2dd\uc740 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \ud615\ud0dc\ub85c \ud45c\ud604\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n

\\[ \\Phi(\\vec{r}) = \\frac{1}{4\\pi \\epsilon_0} \\int_S \\sigma(\\vec{r}’) \\frac{dS’}{|\\vec{r} – \\vec{r}’|} \\]<\/p>\n

\uc5ec\uae30\uc11c \\( \\Phi(\\vec{r}) \\)\ub294 \uc704\uce58 \\( \\vec{r} \\)\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc804\uc704, \\( \\epsilon_0 \\)\ub294 \uc9c4\uacf5\uc758 \uc720\uc804 \uc0c1\uc218, \\( \\sigma(\\vec{r}’) \\)\ub294 \uc804\uadf9 \ud45c\uba74 \\( S \\) \uc704\uc758 \uc810 \\( \\vec{r}’ \\)\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \ud45c\uba74 \uc804\ud558 \ubc00\ub3c4, \\( dS’ \\)\ub294 \ubbf8\uc18c\uba74\uc801 \uc694\uc18c, \\( |\\vec{r} – \\vec{r}’| \\)\ub294 \\( \\vec{r} \\)\uacfc \\( \\vec{r}’ \\) \uc0ac\uc774\uc758 \uac70\ub9ac\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uad6c\uc774-\uc0e4\ud504\ub9cc \uc774\ub860\uc758 \uacc4\uc0b0 \ubc29\ubc95<\/h2>\n

\uad6c\uc774-\uc0e4\ud504\ub9cc \uc774\ub860\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uc804\uae30\uc7a5\uc744 \uacc4\uc0b0\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \uc808\ucc28\ub294 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \uc804\uadf9\uc758 \ud615\ud0dc\uc640 \uc7ac\uc9c8, \uc8fc\ubcc0 \ub9e4\uc9c8\uc758 \uc804\uae30\uc801 \ud2b9\uc131\uc744 \uacb0\uc815\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n
  2. \ud45c\uba74 \uc804\ud558 \ubc00\ub3c4 \\( \\sigma(\\vec{r}’) \\)\ub97c \ucd94\uc815\ud558\uac70\ub098 \ub2e4\ub978 \ubc29\uc815\uc2dd\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uacc4\uc0b0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n
  3. \uc704\uc758 \ubc29\uc815\uc2dd\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uc804\uccb4 \uc804\uadf9 \ud45c\uba74\uc744 \ud1b5\ud569\ud558\uace0, \uac01 \uc704\uce58\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc804\uae30\uc7a5 \ub610\ub294 \uc804\uc704\ub97c \uacc4\uc0b0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \ubcf5\uc7a1\ud55c \ud615\ud0dc\uc758 \uc804\uadf9\uc774\ub098 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uc804\uadf9\uc774 \ud3ec\ud568\ub41c \uacbd\uc6b0, \uc218\uce58\uc801 \ubc29\ubc95\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ubc18\ubcf5\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uacc4\uc0b0\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc808\ucc28\ub294 \ucef4\ud4e8\ud130 \uc2dc\ubbac\ub808\uc774\uc158\uacfc \ud568\uaed8 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\uc5b4 \ub354 \uc815\ud655\ud55c \uacb0\uacfc\ub97c \uc81c\uacf5\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

    \uc751\uc6a9<\/h2>\n

    \uad6c\uc774-\uc0e4\ud504\ub9cc \uc774\ub860\uc740 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0\uc11c \ud65c\uc6a9\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4, \uc804\uc790 \uc7a5\uce58\uc758 \uc124\uacc4, \uc804\uae30 \ud569\uc131 \ubd84\uc11d, \uc13c\uc11c \uac1c\ubc1c, \uc758\ub8cc \uae30\uae30\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc804\uae30\uc801 \uc790\uadf9\uc5d0 \uc774\ub974\uae30\uae4c\uc9c0 \ub9ce\uc740 \uc751\uc6a9 \ubd84\uc57c\uac00 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud2b9\ud788 \ubbf8\uc138 \uc804\uadf9\uc758 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubd84\uc11d\ud558\uace0 \ucd5c\uc801\ud654\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uc720\uc6a9\ud558\uba70, \uc2e0\uc7ac\uc0dd \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0 \uae30\uc220 \ubc0f \ub098\ub178 \uae30\uc220\uc758 \ubc1c\uc804\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uae30\uc5ec\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

    \uad6c\uc774-\uc0e4\ud504\ub9cc \uc774\ub860\uc740 \uc804\uae30 \uc5d4\uc9c0\ub2c8\uc5b4\ub9c1\ubfd0\ub9cc \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \ubb3c\ub9ac, \ud654\ud559, \uc0dd\ubb3c\ud559 \ub4f1 \uc5ec\ub7ec \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc911\uc694\ud55c \ub3c4\uad6c\ub85c \uc790\ub9ac \uc7a1\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uc774\ub860\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uc804\uae30\uc801 \ud604\uc0c1\uc744 \ub354 \uae4a\uc774 \uc774\ud574\ud558\uace0, \uc2e4\uc81c \uc751\uc6a9\uc5d0\uc11c \uc774\ub860\uc801 \ubc30\uacbd\uc744 \uc81c\uacf5\ud558\uc5ec \ub354 \ub098\uc740 \uae30\uc220\uacfc \uc194\ub8e8\uc158\uc744 \uac1c\ubc1c\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

    \uc774\ucc98\ub7fc \uad6c\uc774-\uc0e4\ud504\ub9cc \uc774\ub860\uc740 \uadf8 \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc778 \uacc4\uc0b0 \ubc29\ubc95\uacfc \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uc751\uc6a9\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uc804\uae30 \ubc0f \uc790\uae30 \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0\uc11c \ud070 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\uce58\uba70, \uacfc\ud559\uacfc \uae30\uc220\uc758 \ubc1c\uc804\uc5d0 \uae30\uc5ec\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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