{"id":208703,"date":"2024-03-21T14:06:54","date_gmt":"2024-03-21T14:06:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/%ec%9d%b8%ea%b5%ac-%ec%97%ad%ec%a0%84-%ea%b3%b5%ec%8b%9d-%ec%a0%95%ec%9d%98-%ea%b3%84%ec%82%b0-%eb%b0%8f-%ec%9d%91%ec%9a%a9\/"},"modified":"2024-05-15T11:31:46","modified_gmt":"2024-05-15T11:31:46","slug":"%ec%9d%b8%ea%b5%ac-%ec%97%ad%ec%a0%84-%ea%b3%b5%ec%8b%9d-%ec%a0%95%ec%9d%98-%ea%b3%84%ec%82%b0-%eb%b0%8f-%ec%9d%91%ec%9a%a9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/ko\/%ec%9d%b8%ea%b5%ac-%ec%97%ad%ec%a0%84-%ea%b3%b5%ec%8b%9d-%ec%a0%95%ec%9d%98-%ea%b3%84%ec%82%b0-%eb%b0%8f-%ec%9d%91%ec%9a%a9\/","title":{"rendered":"\uc778\uad6c \uc5ed\uc804 \uacf5\uc2dd | \uc815\uc758, \uacc4\uc0b0 \ubc0f \uc751\uc6a9"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">\uc778\uad6c \uc5ed\uc804 \uacf5\uc2dd\uc740 \uc591\uc790\uc5ed\ud559\uacfc \ub808\uc774\uc800 \ubb3c\ub9ac\ud559\uc5d0\uc11c \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uac1c\ub150\uc73c\ub85c, \ub192\uc740 \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc758 \uc785\uc790 \ubd84\ud3ec\ub97c \uc124\uba85\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>\uc778\uad6c \uc5ed\uc804 \uacf5\uc2dd: \uc815\uc758, \uacc4\uc0b0 \ubc0f \uc751\uc6a9<\/h2>\n<p>\n\uc778\uad6c \uc5ed\uc804 \uacf5\uc2dd(population inversion formula)\uc740 \uc8fc\ub85c \uc591\uc790\uc5ed\ud559\uacfc \ub808\uc774\uc800 \ubb3c\ub9ac\ud559\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\ub294 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uac1c\ub150\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uacf5\uc2dd\uc740 \uc6d0\uc790\ub098 \ubd84\uc790\uc758 \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uac00 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc778 \ubd84\ud3ec\ub97c \uc5ed\uc804\ud558\uc5ec \ub354 \ub192\uc740 \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc5d0 \ub354 \ub9ce\uc740 \uc785\uc790\uac00 \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\ub294 \uc0c1\ud669\uc744 \uc124\uba85\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub294 \ub808\uc774\uc800\uc758 \uc0dd\uc131\uacfc \uc9c1\uc811\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uad00\ub828\uc774 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n<\/p>\n<h3>\uc778\uad6c \uc5ed\uc804\uc758 \uc815\uc758<\/h3>\n<p>\n\uc778\uad6c \uc5ed\uc804\uc740 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc785\uc790\uac00 \ub0ae\uc740 \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0 \uc0c1\ud0dc\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ub192\uc740 \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc5d0 \ub354 \ub9ce\uc774 \uc874\uc7ac\ud560 \ub54c \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7f0 \ud2b9\uc774\ud55c \ubd84\ud3ec\ub294 \uc678\ubd80 \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0\uac00 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc5d0 \uc8fc\uc785\ub418\uc5c8\uc744 \ub54c \uc77c\uc5b4\ub098\uba70, \uadf8 \uacb0\uacfc \uc785\uc790\ub4e4\uc774 \ub354 \ub192\uc740 \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0 \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub85c &#8216;\ud38c\ud551&#8217;\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \ub808\uc774\uc800 \ubb3c\ub9ac\ud559\uc5d0\uc11c &#8216;\ud38c\ud551 \uacfc\uc815&#8217;\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ubd88\ub9ac\uba70, \uc774 \uacfc\uc815\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \ub808\uc774\uc800 \ubc1c\uc9c4\uc744 \ub2ec\uc131\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \uae30\ubcf8\uc801\uc778 \uc870\uac74\uc744 \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4\ub0c5\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n<\/p>\n<h3>\uacc4\uc0b0 \ubc29\ubc95<\/h3>\n<p>\n\uc778\uad6c \uc5ed\uc804\uc744 \uacc4\uc0b0\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \uba3c\uc800 \uac01 \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc5d0 \uc788\ub294 \uc785\uc790 \uc218\uc758 \ube44\uc728\uc744 \uc774\ud574\ud574\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0 \uc0c1\ud0dc E1\uacfc E2\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc785\uc790 \uc218 N1\uacfc N2\uac00 \uc788\ub2e4\uace0 \ud560 \ub54c, \uc778\uad6c \uc5ed\uc804 \uc870\uac74\uc740 N2 > N1\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubcfc\uce20\ub9cc \ubd84\ud3ec\uc640 \ube44\uad50\ub420 \ub54c \uc5ed\uc804\ub41c \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\ubcfc\uce20\ub9cc \ud1b5\uacc4\uc5d0 \ub530\ub974\uba74, \uc628\ub3c4 T\uc5d0\uc11c \ub450 \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc758 \uc785\uc790\uc218 \ube44\uc728\uc740 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc774 \uc8fc\uc5b4\uc9d1\ub2c8\ub2e4:\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\\[ \\frac{N_2}{N_1} = e^{-\\frac{\\Delta E}{k_B T}} \\]\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\uc5ec\uae30\uc11c \\(\\Delta E = E_2 &#8211; E1\\) \ub294 \uc0c1\ud0dc \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0\uc758 \ucc28\uc774\uc774\uace0 \\( k_B \\)\ub294 \ubcfc\uce20\ub9cc \uc0c1\uc218\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc778\uad6c \uc5ed\uc804\uc744 \ub2ec\uc131\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \uc704 \uc2dd\uc5d0\uc11c \\(\\frac{N_2}{N_1}\\)\uc758 \uac12\uc774 1\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ucee4\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n<\/p>\n<h3>\uc778\uad6c \uc5ed\uc804\uc758 \uc751\uc6a9<\/h3>\n<p>\n\uc778\uad6c \uc5ed\uc804 \ud604\uc0c1\uc740 \uc8fc\ub85c \ub808\uc774\uc800 \uae30\uc220\uc5d0\uc11c \ud65c\uc6a9\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub808\uc774\uc800\ub294 &#8216;Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation'(\uc790\uadf9\ubc29\ucd9c\uc5d0 \uc758\ud55c \uad11\uc99d\ud3ed)\uc758 \uc57d\uc790\ub85c, \uc778\uad6c \uc5ed\uc804\uc774 \ub808\uc774\uc800 \uc791\ub3d9\uc758 \ud575\uc2ec \uc6d0\ub9ac \uc911 \ud558\ub098\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc778\uad6c \uc5ed\uc804 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc5d0\uc11c, \uad11\uc790\uac00 \ubb3c\uc9c8\uacfc \uc0c1\ud638 \uc791\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0\ub97c \uac00\uc9c4 \ub354 \ub9ce\uc740 \uad11\uc790\ub4e4\uc744 \ubc1c\uc0dd\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub294 \uacfc\uc815\uc778 &#8216;\uc790\uadf9\ubc29\ucd9c&#8217;\uc774 \uc77c\uc5b4\ub0a9\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uacfc\uc815\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uc99d\ud3ed\ub41c \ube5b\uc740 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \ubc1d\uace0 \ubc29\ud5a5\uc131\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \ub808\uc774\uc800 \ube5b\uc744 \uc0dd\uc131\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\ub610\ud55c, \uc778\uad6c \uc5ed\uc804\uc740 \ud575\uc735\ud569 \uc5f0\uad6c\uc640 \uc591\uc790\ucef4\ud4e8\ud130 \uae30\uc220\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uace0\uae09 \uae30\uc220 \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc778\uad6c \uc5ed\uc804\uc740 \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0\ub97c \ud6a8\uc728\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc81c\uc5b4\ud558\uace0 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc591\uc790 \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub97c \ub9cc\ub4dc\ub294 \ub370 \ud544\uc694\ud55c \uc870\uac74\uc744 \uc81c\uacf5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n<\/p>\n<h3>\uacb0\ub860<\/h3>\n<p>\n\uc778\uad6c \uc5ed\uc804\uc740 \ubb3c\ub9ac\ud559, \ud2b9\ud788 \uc591\uc790\uc5ed\ud559\uacfc \ub808\uc774\uc800 \ubb3c\ub9ac\ud559\uc5d0\uc11c \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uac1c\ub150\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc785\uc790\uac00 \ub354 \ub192\uc740 \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc5d0 \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\ub294 \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub294 \ub808\uc774\uc800 \ube5b\uc744 \uc0dd\uc131\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \ud544\uc218\uc801\uc774\uba70, \ub9ce\uc740 \ud604\ub300 \uae30\uc220\uc758 \ubc1c\uc804\uc5d0 \uae30\uc5ec\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7f0 \uc774\uc720\ub85c \ubb3c\ub9ac\ud559\uc790\ub4e4\uc740 \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc758 \uc5ed\uc804\uc744 \uc774\ud574\ud558\uace0 \uc81c\uc5b4\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\ubc95\uc744 \uc9c0\uc18d\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc5f0\uad6c\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\uc778\uad6c \uc5ed\uc804 \uacf5\uc2dd\uc740 \uc591\uc790\uc5ed\ud559\uacfc \ub808\uc774\uc800 \ubb3c\ub9ac\ud559\uc5d0\uc11c \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uac1c\ub150\uc73c\ub85c, \ub192\uc740 \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc758 \uc785\uc790 \ubd84\ud3ec\ub97c \uc124\uba85\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_generate-full-width-content":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[94],"tags":[95],"class_list":["post-208703","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-94","tag-95","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-50"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v17.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\uc778\uad6c \uc5ed\uc804 \uacf5\uc2dd | \uc815\uc758, \uacc4\uc0b0 \ubc0f \uc751\uc6a9<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\uc778\uad6c \uc5ed\uc804 \uacf5\uc2dd\uc740 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