{"id":208646,"date":"2024-03-21T14:06:33","date_gmt":"2024-03-21T14:06:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/%ec%9c%84%ec%83%81-%ec%83%81%ec%88%98-%ec%a0%95%ec%9d%98-%ea%b3%84%ec%82%b0-%eb%b0%8f-%ec%a0%81%ec%9a%a9\/"},"modified":"2024-05-15T11:30:45","modified_gmt":"2024-05-15T11:30:45","slug":"%ec%9c%84%ec%83%81-%ec%83%81%ec%88%98-%ec%a0%95%ec%9d%98-%ea%b3%84%ec%82%b0-%eb%b0%8f-%ec%a0%81%ec%9a%a9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/ko\/%ec%9c%84%ec%83%81-%ec%83%81%ec%88%98-%ec%a0%95%ec%9d%98-%ea%b3%84%ec%82%b0-%eb%b0%8f-%ec%a0%81%ec%9a%a9\/","title":{"rendered":"\uc704\uc0c1 \uc0c1\uc218 | \uc815\uc758, \uacc4\uc0b0 \ubc0f \uc801\uc6a9"},"content":{"rendered":"

\uc704\uc0c1 \uc0c1\uc218\ub294 \ud30c\ub3d9\uc758 \ucd08\uae30 \uc704\uc0c1\uc744 \uacb0\uc815\ud558\ub294 \ubb3c\ub9ac\uc801 \ubcc0\uc218\ub85c, \ud30c\ub3d9\uc758 \uc9c4\ub3d9\uacfc \uc804\uc790\uae30\ud559\uc5d0\uc11c \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uc704\uc0c1 \uc0c1\uc218\ub780 \ubb34\uc5c7\uc778\uac00?<\/h2>\n

\uc704\uc0c1 \uc0c1\uc218(phase constant)\ub294 \ud30c\ub3d9\uc774\ub098 \uc9c4\ub3d9\uc774 \uc2dc\uac04\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ubcc0\ud558\ub294\uc9c0\ub97c \ub098\ud0c0\ub0b4\ub294 \ubb3c\ub9ac\ub7c9\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud2b9\ud788 \uc804\uc790\uae30\ud559\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc804\uae30\uc640 \uc790\uae30\uc7a5\uc758 \ubcc0\ud654\ub97c \uc124\uba85\ud560 \ub54c \uc911\uc694\ud558\uac8c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uc0c1\uc218\ub294 \ud30c\ub3d9\uc758 \ud615\ud0dc, \uc2dc\uc791 \uc9c0\uc810, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \ud30c\ub3d9\uc774 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \uc9c4\ud589\ub418\ub294\uc9c0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc815\ubcf4\ub97c \uc81c\uacf5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uc704\uc0c1 \uc0c1\uc218\uc758 \uc815\uc758<\/h2>\n

\uc704\uc0c1 \uc0c1\uc218\ub294 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uadf8\ub9ac\uc2a4 \ubb38\uc790 \\(\\phi\\)\ub85c \ud45c\ud604\ub418\uba70, \ud30c\ub3d9\uc758 \uc704\uc0c1\uc744 \ucd08\uae30\uc5d0 \uc5bc\ub9c8\ub098 \uc774\ub3d9\uc2dc\ud0ac\uc9c0 \uacb0\uc815\ud558\ub294 \uc0c1\uc218\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \ud30c\ub3d9 \ud568\uc218\uac00 \\(t=0\\)\uc5d0\uc11c \uc2dc\uc791\ud558\ub294 \uc704\uce58\ub97c \uacb0\uc815\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4, \ucf54\uc0ac\uc778 \ud568\uc218\uc758 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc778 \ud615\ud0dc\ub294 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n

\\[
\ny = A\\cos(\\omega t + \\phi)
\n\\]<\/p>\n

\uc5ec\uae30\uc11c:
\n– \\(A\\)\ub294 \uc9c4\ud3ed
\n– \\(\\omega\\)\ub294 \uac01\uc18d\ub3c4
\n– \\(t\\)\ub294 \uc2dc\uac04
\n– \\(\\phi\\)\ub294 \uc704\uc0c1 \uc0c1\uc218<\/p>\n

\uc704\uc758 \uc2dd\uc5d0\uc11c \\(t = 0\\)\uc77c \ub54c, \\(y = A\\cos(\\phi)\\)\uac00 \ub418\uc5b4 \ucd08\uae30\uc758 y\uac12\uc774 \uacb0\uc815\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub9cc\uc57d \\(\\phi = 0\\)\uc774\ub77c\uba74, \ud30c\ub3d9\uc740 \\(A\\)\uc5d0\uc11c \uc2dc\uc791\ud558\uba70, \\(\\phi = \\frac{\\pi}{2}\\)\uc77c \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub294 0\uc5d0\uc11c \uc2dc\uc791\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uc704\uc0c1 \uc0c1\uc218\uc758 \uacc4\uc0b0<\/h2>\n

\uc704\uc0c1 \uc0c1\uc218\ub97c \uacc4\uc0b0\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \ud30c\ub3d9\uc758 \ucd08\uae30 \uc870\uac74\uc744 \uc54c\uc544\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4, \uc5b4\ub5a4 \ud30c\ub3d9\uc758 \ucd5c\ucd08 \uc704\uce58\uc640 \uc18d\ub3c4\uac00 \uc8fc\uc5b4\uc9c4\ub2e4\uba74, \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uacfc\uc815\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \\(\\phi\\)\ub97c \uad6c\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

1. \uc8fc\uc5b4\uc9c4 \ud30c\ub3d9\uc758 \ud615\ud0dc\uc640 \ud30c\ub77c\ubbf8\ud130(\uc9c4\ud3ed, \uac01\uc18d\ub3c4, \ucd08\uae30 \uc704\uce58 \ub4f1)\ub97c \ud655\uc778\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n2. \ud30c\ub3d9\uc758 \ucd08\uae30 \uc870\uac74\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud574 \uc0c1\uc218\ub97c \uc124\uc815\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc608\uc2dc\ub85c, \\(y(0) = A\\cos(\\phi) = y_0\\)\uc5d0\uc11c \\(\\phi\\)\ub97c \uad6c\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \\(\\phi = \\cos^{-1}\\left(\\frac{y_0}{A}\\right)\\)\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n3. \ud544\uc694\ud55c \uacbd\uc6b0, \ub2e4\ub978 \uc2dc\uc810\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \ud30c\ub3d9 \uac12\ub3c4 \uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \\(\\phi\\)\uc758 \uac12\uc744 \ub354 \uc815\ud655\ud788 \uc870\uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uc704\uc0c1 \uc0c1\uc218\uc758 \uc801\uc6a9<\/h2>\n

\uc704\uc0c1 \uc0c1\uc218\ub294 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ubb3c\ub9ac\uc801 \ud604\uc0c1\uc744 \uc124\uba85\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4, \uc804\uc790\uae30\ud30c\uac00 \uc11c\ub85c \uacb9\uce60 \ub54c \uac04\uc12d \ud604\uc0c1\uc744 \uc124\uba85\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \ud544\uc218\uc801\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub450 \uc804\uc790\uae30\ud30c\uac00 \ub9cc\ub0ac\uc744 \ub54c, \uadf8\ub4e4\uc758 \uc704\uc0c1 \uc0c1\uc218\uac00 \uc5bc\ub9c8\ub098 \ucc28\uc774\ub098\ub294\uc9c0\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uac15\ud654\ub418\uac70\ub098 \uc57d\ud654\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\ub610\ud55c, \uc74c\ud5a5\ud559\uc5d0\uc11c \uc18c\ub9ac\uc758 \uc704\uc0c1\uc744 \uc870\uc808\ud558\uc5ec \uc74c\ud5a5 \ud6a8\uacfc\ub97c \ub9cc\ub4dc\ub294 \ub370\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4, \ub178\uc774\uc988 \uce94\uc2ac\ub9c1 \ud5e4\ub4dc\ud3f0\uc740 \ubc14\uae65 \uc18c\ub9ac\uc758 \uc704\uc0c1\uc744 \ubc18\ub300\ub85c \ud558\uc5ec \uc18c\ub9ac\uc758 \ud30c\ub3d9\uc744 \uc0c1\uc1c4\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub294 \uae30\uc220\uc5d0 \uc704\uc0c1 \uc0c1\uc218\uac00 \uc911\uc694\ud558\uac8c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uc704\uc0c1 \uc0c1\uc218\ub294 \ubb3c\ub9ac\ud559, \uacf5\ud559, \uc2ec\uc9c0\uc5b4 \uc758\ud559 \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \uad11\ubc94\uc704\ud558\uac8c \uc801\uc6a9\ub418\uace0 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \ud30c\ub3d9 \ud604\uc0c1\uc744 \uc774\ud574\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uc788\uc5b4 \ud575\uc2ec\uc801\uc778 \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uac04\ub2e8\ud55c \ubcc0\uc218\ucc98\ub7fc \ubcf4\uc774\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uadf8\uac83\uc758 \uc801\uc808\ud55c \uc774\ud574\uc640 \uacc4\uc0b0\uc740 \ubb3c\ub9ac\ud559\uacfc \uacf5\ud559\uc758 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \ud574\uacb0\ud558\ub294 \ud0a4\uac00 \ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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