{"id":146939,"date":"2024-04-27T13:01:51","date_gmt":"2024-04-27T13:01:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/%ec%a0%95%ec%a0%84-%ec%9a%a9%eb%9f%89-%eb%b8%8c%eb%a6%bf%ec%a7%80-%eb%af%b8%ed%84%b0\/"},"modified":"2024-04-27T13:01:51","modified_gmt":"2024-04-27T13:01:51","slug":"%ec%a0%95%ec%a0%84-%ec%9a%a9%eb%9f%89-%eb%b8%8c%eb%a6%bf%ec%a7%80-%eb%af%b8%ed%84%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/ko\/%ec%a0%95%ec%a0%84-%ec%9a%a9%eb%9f%89-%eb%b8%8c%eb%a6%bf%ec%a7%80-%eb%af%b8%ed%84%b0\/","title":{"rendered":"\uc815\uc804 \uc6a9\ub7c9 \ube0c\ub9bf\uc9c0 \ubbf8\ud130"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">\uc815\uc804 \uc6a9\ub7c9 \ube0c\ub9bf\uc9c0 \ubbf8\ud130\ub294 \ucee4\ud328\uc2dc\ud130\uc758 \uc804\uae30\uc801 \uc800\uc7a5 \ub2a5\ub825\uc744 \uce21\uc815\ud558\ub294 \ud718\uc2a4\ud1a4 \ube0c\ub9bf\uc9c0 \ud68c\ub85c \uc6d0\ub9ac\ub97c \uae30\ubc18\uc73c\ub85c \ud55c \uc815\ubc00 \uce21\uc815\uae30\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/\uc815\uc804-\uc6a9\ub7c9-\ube0c\ub9bf\uc9c0-\ubbf8\ud130.png\" alt=\"\uc815\uc804 \uc6a9\ub7c9 \ube0c\ub9bf\uc9c0 \ubbf8\ud130\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>\uc815\uc804 \uc6a9\ub7c9 \ube0c\ub9bf\uc9c0 \ubbf8\ud130\ub780?<\/h2>\n<p>\uc815\uc804 \uc6a9\ub7c9(Capacitance)\uc740 \uc804\uae30\ub97c \uc800\uc7a5\ud558\ub294 \ub2a5\ub825\uc744 \ub9d0\ud558\ub294\ub370, \uc774\ub294 \ucee4\ud328\uc2dc\ud130\ub098 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc804\uae30 \ud68c\ub85c \uc18c\uc790\uc758 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \ud2b9\uc131\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc815\uc804 \uc6a9\ub7c9\uc744 \uc815\ud655\ud558\uac8c \uce21\uc815\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uc804\uae30\uacf5\ud559 \ubc0f \uc804\uc790\uacf5\ud559 \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0\uc11c \ud544\uc218\uc801\uc778\ub370, \uc774\ub97c \uc704\ud574 \u2018\uc815\uc804 \uc6a9\ub7c9 \ube0c\ub9bf\uc9c0 \ubbf8\ud130(Capacitance Bridge Meter)\u2019\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc815\uc804 \uc6a9\ub7c9 \ube0c\ub9bf\uc9c0 \ubbf8\ud130\ub294 \uad50\ub7c9 \ud68c\ub85c(bridge circuit) \uc6d0\ub9ac\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uc815\uc804 \uc6a9\ub7c9\uc758 \uac12\uc744 \uce21\uc815\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uad50\ub7c9 \ud68c\ub85c\ub780 \ub124 \uac1c\uc758 \uc804\uae30\uc801 \uc18c\uc790\uac00 \uc0ac\uac01\ud615\uc744 \uc774\ub8e8\ub294 \ud68c\ub85c\ub85c, \ub450 \ub300\uac01\uc120\uc5d0 \uac78\uccd0 \uc785\ub825 \uc2e0\ud638\uc640 \uac80\ucd9c\uae30\uac00 \uc5f0\uacb0\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uc911 \ub450 \uc18c\uc790\ub294 \uc815\ud655\ud788 \uc54c\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uae30\uc900 \uac12\uc73c\ub85c, \ub098\uba38\uc9c0 \ub450 \uc18c\uc790 \uc911 \ud558\ub098\ub294 \uce21\uc815\ud558\uace0\uc790 \ud558\ub294 \ucee4\ud328\uc2dc\ud130\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>\uad50\ub7c9 \ud68c\ub85c\uc758 \uc6d0\ub9ac<\/h2>\n<p>\uad50\ub7c9 \ud68c\ub85c\ub97c \uc774\ud574\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574\uc11c\ub294 &#8216;\ud718\uc2a4\ud1a4 \ube0c\ub9bf\uc9c0(Wheatstone Bridge)&#8217;\ub77c\ub294 \uae30\ubcf8\uc801\uc778 \uc804\uae30 \ud68c\ub85c\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc54c \ud544\uc694\uac00 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud718\uc2a4\ud1a4 \ube0c\ub9bf\uc9c0\ub294 \uc800\ud56d\uac12\uc744 \uce21\uc815\ud560 \ub54c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\ub294\ub370, \uc815\uc804 \uc6a9\ub7c9 \ube0c\ub9bf\uc9c0\ub294 \uc774 \uc6d0\ub9ac\ub97c \uc751\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ucee4\ud328\uc2dc\ud130\uc758 \uc815\uc804 \uc6a9\ub7c9\uc744 \uce21\uc815\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\ud718\uc2a4\ud1a4 \ube0c\ub9bf\uc9c0 \ud68c\ub85c\uc758 \ub124 \uc800\ud56d \uc911 \ub450 \uac1c\uc758 \uc800\ud56d\uac12\uc744 \uc54c\uace0 \uc788\uace0, \uc138 \ubc88\uc9f8 \uc800\ud56d\uac12\uc744 \uc870\uc808\ud574\uc11c \ub124 \ubc88\uc9f8 \uc800\ud56d(\ubbf8\uc9c0\uc758 \uc800\ud56d)\uc758 \uac12\uc744 \ucc3e\uc544\ub0bc \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubbf8\uc9c0\uc758 \uc800\ud56d\uac12\uc744 \ubc1c\uacac\ud558\ub294 \ud575\uc2ec\uc740 &#8216;\ud3c9\ud615 \uc0c1\ud0dc&#8217;\ub97c \uc774\ub8e8\ub294 \uac83\uc778\ub370, \uc774\ub54c \ud68c\ub85c\uc758 \ub300\uac01\uc120\uc5d0 \uc704\uce58\ud55c \uac10\uc9c0\uae30\uc5d0 \uc544\ubb34\ub7f0 \uc804\uae30 \uc2e0\ud638\ub3c4 \ub098\ud0c0\ub098\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc815\uc804 \uc6a9\ub7c9 \ube0c\ub9bf\uc9c0\ub3c4 \uc774\uc640 \uc720\uc0ac\ud55c \ubc29\ubc95\uc73c\ub85c \ud3c9\ud615\uc744 \ucc3e\uc544 \ubbf8\uc9c0\uc758 \uc815\uc804 \uc6a9\ub7c9\uac12\uc744 \uce21\uc815\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>\uc815\uc804 \uc6a9\ub7c9 \ube0c\ub9bf\uc9c0\uc758 \uad6c\uc131 \uc694\uc18c<\/h2>\n<p>\uc815\uc804 \uc6a9\ub7c9 \ube0c\ub9bf\uc9c0 \ubbf8\ud130\ub294 \ub300\uccb4\ub85c \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uad6c\uc131 \uc694\uc18c\ub85c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4\uc9d1\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\ucee4\ud328\uc2dc\ud130(Capacitors):<\/strong> \uce21\uc815\ud558\ub824\ub294 \ucee4\ud328\uc2dc\ud130\uc640, \uac12\uc774 \uc54c\ub824\uc9c4 \ud45c\uc900 \ucee4\ud328\uc2dc\ud130\uac00 \ud544\uc694\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\uac00\ubcc0 \uc800\ud56d\uae30(Variable Resistors):<\/strong> \uc815\ubc00\ud55c \uc870\uc815\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \ud68c\ub85c\ub97c \ud3c9\ud615 \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub85c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\uad50\ub958 \uc804\uc6d0(AC Power Source):<\/strong> \uad50\ub958\uc774\ubbc0\ub85c \uad50\ub958 \uc804\uc6d0\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ube0c\ub9bf\uc9c0 \ud68c\ub85c\ub97c \uad6c\ub3d9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\uac80\ucd9c\uae30(Detector):<\/strong> \ud68c\ub85c\uc758 \ud3c9\ud615 \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub97c \ud655\uc778\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uac10\uc9c0\uae30\uac00 \ud544\uc694\ud558\uba70, \ud754\ud788 \ud5e4\ub4dc\ud3f0\uc774\ub098 \uad50\ub958 \uc804\uc555\uacc4\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\uc774 \uad6c\uc131\ud488\ub4e4\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec, \uc815\uc804 \uc6a9\ub7c9 \ube0c\ub9bf\uc9c0 \ud68c\ub85c\ub97c \uc870\ub9bd\ud558\uace0, \uad50\ub958 \uc804\uc6d0\uc744 \uac00\ud558\uc5ec \ud2b9\uc815 \uc8fc\ud30c\uc218\uc5d0\uc11c \ud3c9\ud615 \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub97c \uc774\ub04c\uc5b4 \ub0c5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud3c9\ud615 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uac80\ucd9c\uae30\uc5d0 \uc804\ub958\uac00 \ud750\ub974\uc9c0 \uc54a\uac8c \ub418\uc5b4, \uce21\uc815\ud558\uace0\uc790 \ud558\ub294 \ucee4\ud328\uc2dc\ud130\uc758 \uc815\ud655\ud55c \uc815\uc804 \uc6a9\ub7c9\uc744 \uc54c\uc544\ub0bc \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc815\uc804 \uc6a9\ub7c9 \ube0c\ub9bf\uc9c0 \ubbf8\ud130\ub294 \ucee4\ud328\uc2dc\ud130\uc758 \uc131\ub2a5\uc744 \uac80\uc99d\ud558\uac70\ub098, \uc815\ubc00\ud55c \uc804\uae30\ud68c\ub85c\uc758 \uc124\uacc4\uc5d0 \ud544\uc218\uc801\uc778 \ub3c4\uad6c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\ub2e4\uc74c \uc139\uc158\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc815\uc804 \uc6a9\ub7c9 \ube0c\ub9bf\uc9c0 \ubbf8\ud130\uc758 \uc2e4\uc81c \uc791\ub3d9 \uc6d0\ub9ac\uc640 \uce21\uc815 \uacfc\uc815\uc744 \ub354 \uc790\uc138\ud788 \uc124\uba85\ud558\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>\uc815\uc804 \uc6a9\ub7c9 \ube0c\ub9bf\uc9c0 \ubbf8\ud130\uc758 \uc791\ub3d9 \uc6d0\ub9ac<\/h2>\n<p>\uc815\uc804 \uc6a9\ub7c9 \ube0c\ub9bf\uc9c0 \ubbf8\ud130\uc758 \uc791\ub3d9 \uc6d0\ub9ac\ub97c \uc790\uc138\ud788 \uc54c\uc544\ubcf4\uae30 \uc704\ud574\uc11c\ub294, \uac01 \uad6c\uc131 \uc694\uc18c\uac04\uc758 \uc0c1\ud638\uc791\uc6a9\uc744 \uc774\ud574\ud574\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud68c\ub85c\uc5d0 \uad50\ub958 \uc804\uc6d0\uc744 \uc801\uc6a9\ud558\uba74, \ud45c\uc900 \ucee4\ud328\uc2dc\ud130\uc640 \uce21\uc815\ud558\ub824\ub294 \ucee4\ud328\uc2dc\ud130\uc5d0 \uac78\ub9b0 \uc804\uc555\uacfc \uc804\ub958 \uac04\uc5d0 \uc704\uc0c1\ucc28\uac00 \uc0dd\uae41\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uac00\ubcc0 \uc800\ud56d\uae30\ub97c \uc870\uc815\ud558\uc5ec \ub450 \ucee4\ud328\uc2dc\ud130\uc758 \uc704\uc0c1\ucc28\ub97c 0\u00b0\ub85c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uba74, \uadf8\ub54c \ub450 \ucee4\ud328\uc2dc\ud130\uc758 \uc815\uc804 \uc6a9\ub7c9\uc740 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud558\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc774\ub54c \ud3c9\ud615 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uac00 \ub418\uc5c8\ub294\uc9c0\ub97c \uac80\ucd9c\uae30\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \ud655\uc778\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud3c9\ud615 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc77c \ub54c \uac80\ucd9c\uae30\uc5d0\ub294 \uc804\ub958\uac00 \ud750\ub974\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\uba70(\uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ubbf8\uc138\ud55c \uc804\ub958\uac00 \ud750\ub97c \uc218 \uc788\uc9c0\ub9cc), \uc774\ub97c \ubc14\ud0d5\uc73c\ub85c \uce21\uc815\ud558\ub824\ub294 \ucee4\ud328\uc2dc\ud130\uc758 \uc815\uc804 \uc6a9\ub7c9 \uac12\uc744 \uc815\ubc00\ud558\uac8c \uacc4\uc0b0\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\ub294 \uc218\ud559\uc801 \uacf5\uc2dd\uc740 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><i>C<sub>x<\/sub> = C<sub>std<\/sub> * ( R<sub>2<\/sub> \/ R<sub>1<\/sub> )<\/i><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\uc5ec\uae30\uc11c <i>C<sub>x<\/sub><\/i>\ub294 \uce21\uc815\ud558\ub824\ub294 \ucee4\ud328\uc2dc\ud130\uc758 \uc815\uc804 \uc6a9\ub7c9\uc774\uace0, <i>C<sub>std<\/sub><\/i>\ub294 \ud45c\uc900 \ucee4\ud328\uc2dc\ud130\uc758 \uc815\uc804 \uc6a9\ub7c9\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. <i>R<sub>1<\/sub><\/i>\uacfc <i>R<sub>2<\/sub><\/i>\ub294 \uac01\uac01 \uc800\ud56d\uae30\uc758 \uc800\ud56d\uac12\uc73c\ub85c, \ud3c9\ud615 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \ube44\uc728\uc744 \ub098\ud0c0\ub0c5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>\uc815\uc804 \uc6a9\ub7c9 \ube0c\ub9bf\uc9c0\uc758 \uc751\uc6a9<\/h2>\n<p>\uc815\uc804 \uc6a9\ub7c9 \ube0c\ub9bf\uc9c0 \ubbf8\ud130\ub294 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc751\uc6a9\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc804\uc790 \uc7a5\uce58 \ub0b4\uc758 \ucee4\ud328\uc2dc\ud130\uac00 \uc694\uad6c\ud558\ub294 \uc815\ud655\ud55c \uac12\uc73c\ub85c \uc791\ub3d9\ud558\ub294\uc9c0 \ud655\uc778\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \ud544\uc218\uc801\uc774\uba70, \ud2b9\ud788 \uace0\uc8fc\ud30c \ud68c\ub85c\uc5d0\uc11c \ucd5c\uc801\uc758 \uc131\ub2a5\uc744 \ub0b4\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc911\uc694\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub610\ud55c, \uc815\uc804 \uc6a9\ub7c9\uc758 \ubbf8\uc138\ud55c \ubcc0\ud654\ub97c \uac10\uc9c0\ud558\uc5ec \ud658\uacbd \uc13c\uc11c\ub098 \uc555\ub825 \uc13c\uc11c \ub4f1\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uc815\ubc00\ud55c \uce21\uc815 \uc7a5\ube44\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uc801\uc6a9\ub418\uace4 \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc774\uc640 \uac19\uc774 \uc815\uc804 \uc6a9\ub7c9 \ube0c\ub9bf\uc9c0 \ubbf8\ud130\ub294 \uc2e0\ub8b0\uc131 \ub192\uc740 \ucee4\ud328\uc2dc\ud130 \uce21\uc815\uacfc \ud568\uaed8, \uace0\uae09 \uc804\uc790 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc758 \uc124\uacc4 \ubc0f \uc720\uc9c0\ubcf4\uc218\uc5d0 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \ub3c4\uad6c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uae30\uc220\uc790\uc640 \uc5f0\uad6c\uc6d0\ub4e4\uc740 \uc774\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uc804\uc790 \ud68c\ub85c\uc758 \uc131\ub2a5\uc744 \ucd5c\uc801\ud654\ud558\uace0, \uc804\uc790 \uc81c\ud488\uc758 \ud488\uc9c8\uc744 \ubcf4\uc7a5\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \ud070 \ub3c4\uc6c0\uc744 \ubc1b\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>\uacb0\ub860<\/h2>\n<p>\uc815\uc804 \uc6a9\ub7c9 \ube0c\ub9bf\uc9c0 \ubbf8\ud130\ub294 \uc815\uc804 \uc6a9\ub7c9\uc744 \uce21\uc815\ud558\ub294 \uc815\ubc00\ud55c \ub3c4\uad6c\ub85c\uc11c, \uc804\uc790\uacf5\ud559 \ubd84\uc57c\uc758 \uc7a5\ube44 \uc124\uacc4\uc640 \ud488\uc9c8 \uad00\ub9ac\uc5d0\uc11c \ud544\uc218\uc801\uc778 \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uad50\ub7c9 \ud68c\ub85c\uc758 \uc6d0\ub9ac\ub97c \uc751\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec, \uc815\uc804 \uc6a9\ub7c9\uc758 \uc815\ud655\ud55c \uce21\uc815\uac12\uc744 \uc5bb\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \uc774\ub294 \uc804\uc790 \uc81c\ud488\uc758 \uc131\ub2a5\uacfc \uc548\uc815\uc131\uc744 \ubcf4\uc7a5\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc911\uc694\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc815\uc804 \uc6a9\ub7c9 \ube0c\ub9bf\uc9c0 \ubbf8\ud130\uc758 \uc774\ud574\ub294 \uc804\uc790\uacf5\ud559\uc5d0 \uad00\uc2ec \uc788\ub294 \ud559\uc0dd\uacfc \uae30\uc220\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c 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