{"id":146926,"date":"2024-04-27T12:59:57","date_gmt":"2024-04-27T12:59:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/%ec%9c%84%ec%83%81-%eb%b0%b0%ec%97%b4-%ec%95%88%ed%85%8c%eb%82%98\/"},"modified":"2024-04-27T13:00:05","modified_gmt":"2024-04-27T13:00:05","slug":"%ec%9c%84%ec%83%81-%eb%b0%b0%ec%97%b4-%ec%95%88%ed%85%8c%eb%82%98","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/ko\/%ec%9c%84%ec%83%81-%eb%b0%b0%ec%97%b4-%ec%95%88%ed%85%8c%eb%82%98\/","title":{"rendered":"\uc704\uc0c1 \ubc30\uc5f4 \uc548\ud14c\ub098"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">\uc774\ud574\ud558\uae30 \uc26c\uc6b4 \uc704\uc0c1 \ubc30\uc5f4 \uc548\ud14c\ub098 \uac1c\ub150 \ubc0f \uc791\ub3d9 \uc6d0\ub9ac \uc124\uba85: \uace0\uae09 \uae30\uc220\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud55c \ube54 \ud615\uc131\uacfc \uc870\ud5a5, \ud575\uc2ec \uad6c\uc131 \uc694\uc18c \ubc0f \uc804\ud30c\uc758 \uc704\uc0c1 \uc870\uc808 \uae30\ubc95.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/\uc704\uc0c1-\ubc30\uc5f4-\uc548\ud14c\ub098.png\" alt=\"\uc704\uc0c1 \ubc30\uc5f4 \uc548\ud14c\ub098\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>\uc704\uc0c1 \ubc30\uc5f4 \uc548\ud14c\ub098\uc758 \uac1c\ub150<\/h2>\n<p>\uc704\uc0c1 \ubc30\uc5f4 \uc548\ud14c\ub098(Phased Array Antenna)\ub294 \ub2e4\uc218\uc758 \uc548\ud14c\ub098 \uc18c\uc790(element)\uac00 \uade0\uc77c\ud558\uac8c \ubc30\uce58\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \uac01 \uc18c\uc790\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \ubc29\uc0ac\ub418\ub294 \uc804\ud30c\uc758 \uc704\uc0c1(phase)\uc744 \uc870\uc808\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \uc804\uccb4 \uc548\ud14c\ub098 \ud328\ud134\uc744 \uc81c\uc5b4\ud558\ub294 advanced technology\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ubc29\uc2dd\uc740 \uc804\ud30c\uc758 \uc9d1\uc911 \ubc29\ud5a5\uc744 \uc804\uc790\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc870\uc808\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0, \ubb3c\ub9ac\uc801\uc778 \uc548\ud14c\ub098 \uad6c\uc870\uc758 \uc6c0\uc9c1\uc784 \uc5c6\uc774 \ube60\ub974\uace0 \uc720\uc5f0\ud558\uba70 \uc815\ubc00\ud55c \ube54 \uc870\ud5a5(beam steering)\uc774 \uac00\ub2a5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>\uc704\uc0c1 \ubc30\uc5f4 \uc548\ud14c\ub098\uc758 \uc791\ub3d9 \uc6d0\ub9ac<\/h2>\n<p>\uae30\ubcf8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c, \uc704\uc0c1 \ubc30\uc5f4 \uc548\ud14c\ub098\ub294 \uac01 \uc18c\uc790\uc5d0 \uc778\uac00\ub418\ub294 \uc2e0\ud638\uc758 \uc704\uc0c1\uc744 \ub3c5\ub9bd\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc870\uc808\ud558\uc5ec \uc804\uccb4 \uc548\ud14c\ub098\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc29\uc0ac\ub418\ub294 \uc804\ud30c\uc758 \ubc29\ud5a5\uc744 \uc81c\uc5b4\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc11c\ub85c \ub2e4\ub978 \uc18c\uc790\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc29\uc0ac\ub41c \uc804\ud30c\uac00 \uacf5\uac04\uc5d0\uc11c \ub9cc\ub098 \uac04\uc12d(interference)\ud560 \ub54c, \ud2b9\uc815 \ubc29\ud5a5\uc73c\ub85c \uac15\ud654(constructive interference)\ub418\uac70\ub098 \uc57d\ud654(destructive interference)\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uac04\uc12d \ud6a8\uacfc\ub97c \uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uba74, \uc6d0\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\ud5a5\uc73c\ub85c \uc804\ud30c\uc758 \uc8fc \ube54(main beam)\uc744 \ud615\uc131\ud558\uace0 \uae30\ud0c0 \ubc29\ud5a5\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 \ubd80 \ube54(side lobes)\uc744 \ucd5c\uc18c\ud654\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\ube54 \ud615\uc131(Beamforming):<\/strong> \uac01 \uc18c\uc790\uc5d0 \uc8fc\uc5b4\uc9c4 \uc2e0\ud638\uc758 \uc704\uc0c1 \ucc28\uc774\uac00 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud558\uba74, \uc804\ud30c\ub294 \ud2b9\uc815 \ubc29\ud5a5\uc73c\ub85c \uac15\ud654\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\ub294 \ube54\uc740 \ud574\ub2f9 \ubc29\ud5a5\uc73c\ub85c \uc9d1\uc911\ub418\uace0, \uc548\ud14c\ub098\uc758 \uc9c0\ud5a5\uc131(directivity)\uc744 \ub192\uc5ec\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\ube54 \uc870\ud5a5(Beam Steering):<\/strong> \uc704\uc0c1 \ucc28\uc774\ub97c \uc870\uc815\ud558\uc5ec \ube54\uc758 \ubc29\ud5a5\uc744 \ubcc0\uacbd\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4, \uc704\uc0c1 \ucc28\ub97c \uc870\uc808\ud558\uc5ec \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\ub294 \ube54\uc744 \uc88c\uc6b0 \ub610\ub294 \uc0c1\ud558\ub85c \uc774\ub3d9\uc2dc\ud0ac \uc218 \uc788\ub294\ub370, \uc774\ub294 \ud2b9\ud788 \ub808\uc774\ub354 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc774\ub098 \ud1b5\uc2e0 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc720\uc6a9\ud558\uac8c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\uc704\uc0c1 \ubc30\uc5f4 \uc548\ud14c\ub098\ub294 \uac01 \uc18c\uc790\uc5d0 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \uc8fc\ud30c\uc218\uc758 \uc2e0\ud638\ub97c \uc778\uac00\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc704\uc0c1\uc774\ub098 \uc9c4\ud3ed\uc744 \ub2e4\ub974\uac8c \ud574\uc11c \uc804\ud30c\uc758 \ubc29\ud5a5\uc131\uc744 \uc870\uc808\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub807\uac8c \uc870\uc808\ub41c \uc704\uc0c1\ub4e4\uc774 \ud569\uccd0\uc9c0\uba74\uc11c \ud2b9\uc815 \ubc29\ud5a5\uc73c\ub85c \uac15\ud55c \uc804\ud30c\ub97c \uc0dd\uc131\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc804\ud30c\uc758 \uc704\uc0c1\uc740 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc2dd\uc73c\ub85c \ud45c\ud604\ub418\uba70, \uac01 \uc18c\uc790\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc804\ud30c\uc758 \uc704\uc0c1 \\(\\phi\\)\ub294 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n<p>\\[ \\phi = 2\\pi \\frac{d}{\\lambda} \\cos(\\theta) \\]<\/p>\n<p>\uc5ec\uae30\uc11c \\(d\\)\ub294 \uc548\ud14c\ub098 \uc18c\uc790\uac04\uc758 \uac70\ub9ac, \\(\\lambda\\)\ub294 \uc804\ud30c\uc758 \ud30c\uc7a5, \\(\\theta\\)\ub294 \ube54\uc758 \ubc29\ud5a5\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\ub294 \uac01\ub3c4\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uc2dd\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uc704\uc0c1\uc744 \uc870\uc808\ud558\uc5ec \ube54\uc758 \ubc29\ud5a5\uc744 \uacb0\uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>\uc704\uc0c1 \ubc30\uc5f4 \uc548\ud14c\ub098\uc758 \uad6c\uc131 \uc694\uc18c<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\uc548\ud14c\ub098 \uc18c\uc790:<\/strong> \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub3d9\uc77c\ud558\uace0 \uade0\uc77c\ud55c \ud328\ud134\uc744 \uac16\ub294 \ub2e4\uc218\uc758 \uac1c\ubcc4 \uc548\ud14c\ub098\ub85c \uad6c\uc131\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\uc704\uc0c1 \uc870\uc808\uae30(Phase Shifter):<\/strong> \uac01 \uc548\ud14c\ub098 \uc18c\uc790\uc758 \uc704\uc0c1\uc744 \uc804\uc790\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc870\uc808\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\uc81c\uc5b4 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c(Control System):<\/strong> \uc704\uc0c1 \uc870\uc808\uae30\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uac01 \uc18c\uc790\uc758 \uc704\uc0c1\uc744 \uc870\uc808\ud558\uba70, \uc801\uc808\ud55c \ube54 \ud615\uc131\uacfc \uc870\ud5a5\uc744 \uc2e4\ud604\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\uc2e4\uc0dd\ud65c\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc704\uc0c1 \ubc30\uc5f4 \uc548\ud14c\ub098 \uc751\uc6a9<\/h2>\n<p>\uc704\uc0c1 \ubc30\uc5f4 \uc548\ud14c\ub098\ub294 \ud604\ub300 \uae30\uc220\uc5d0\uc11c \ub2e4\uc591\ud558\uac8c \ud65c\uc6a9\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub2e4\uc74c\uc740 \uba87 \uac00\uc9c0 \uc8fc\uc694 \uc751\uc6a9 \ubd84\uc57c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\ud1b5\uc2e0:<\/strong> \ud734\ub300\ud3f0 \uae30\uc9c0\uad6d\uacfc \uc704\uc131 \ud1b5\uc2e0\uc5d0\uc11c \uac00\uc7a5 \ub110\ub9ac \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub3d9\uc801 \ube54 \uc870\ud5a5 \ub2a5\ub825\uc740 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc758 \uc804\uc1a1\uacfc \uc218\uc2e0\uc744 \uac1c\uc120\ud558\uba70, \uc11c\ub85c \ub2e4\ub978 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \ucd5c\uc801\ud654\ub41c \uc2e0\ud638\ub97c \uc81c\uacf5\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\ub808\uc774\ub354 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c:<\/strong> \uad70\uc0ac \ubc0f \ubbfc\uac04 \ud56d\uacf5 \uad50\ud1b5 \uad00\uc81c\uc5d0\uc11c \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc911\uc694\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc704\uc0c1 \ubc30\uc5f4 \uc548\ud14c\ub098\ub294 \ube60\ub974\uac8c \uc6c0\uc9c1\uc774\ub294 \ubaa9\ud45c\ubb3c\uc744 \ucd94\uc801\ud558\uace0, \uc5ec\ub7ec \ubc29\ud5a5\uc73c\ub85c \ub808\uc774\ub354 \ube54\uc744 \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \ubcf4\ub0bc \uc218 \uc788\uc5b4 \ud6a8\uc728\uc744 \ub192\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\uc6b0\uc8fc \ud0d0\uc0ac:<\/strong> \uc6b0\uc8fc \ud0d0\uc0ac\uc120 \ubc0f \uc704\uc131\uc5d0 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\uc5b4 \uc9c0\uad6c\uc640\uc758 \ud1b5\uc2e0\uc744 \uc720\uc9c0\ud558\uba70, \uc2e0\ud638\uc758 \uc815\ubc00\ud55c \ubc29\ud5a5 \uc870\uc808\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \ub354 \uba40\ub9ac \uc788\ub294 \uc6b0\uc8fc \uae30\uae30\uc640\ub3c4 \uc18c\ud1b5 \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\uc758\ub8cc \ubd84\uc57c:<\/strong> \ud2b9\uc815\ud55c \uc678\uacfc \uc218\uc220\uc5d0\uc11c \uc815\ubc00\ud55c \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0 \uc9d1\uc911\uc774 \ud544\uc694\ud560 \ub54c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4, \ucd08\uc74c\ud30c\ub97c \uc774\uc6a9\ud55c \uc885\uc591 \uce58\ub8cc\uc5d0 \uc704\uc0c1 \ubc30\uc5f4 \uae30\uc220\uc774 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc751\uc6a9\uc740 \uc704\uc0c1 \ubc30\uc5f4 \uc548\ud14c\ub098\uac00 \uc9c0\ub2c8\ub294 \uc720\uc5f0\uc131\uacfc \uc815\ubc00\uc131\uc774 \ud544\uc694\ud55c \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc744 \uc785\uc99d\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>\ubbf8\ub798\uc758 \ubc1c\uc804 \ubc29\ud5a5<\/h2>\n<p>\uc704\uc0c1 \ubc30\uc5f4 \uc548\ud14c\ub098 \uae30\uc220\uc740 \uc9c0\uc18d\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubc1c\uc804\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \ub354 \ub192\uc740 \ud574\uc0c1\ub3c4, \ub354 \ub113\uc740 \ub300\uc5ed\ud3ed, \ub354 \ub0ae\uc740 \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0 \uc18c\ube44 \ub4f1\uc744 \ud5a5\ud574 \ub098\uc544\uac00\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ucc28\uc138\ub300 \ubb34\uc120\ud1b5\uc2e0\uc778 5G \ubc0f 6G \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c\uc5d0\uc11c \ube54\ud3ec\ubc0d\uacfc \ube54\uc870\ud5a5 \uae30\uc220\uc740 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \ud560 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \uc608\uc0c1\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc544\uc6b8\ub7ec, \ub298\uc5b4\ub098\ub294 \uc704\uc131 \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\uc640 \ubb34\uc778 \ud56d\uacf5\uae30 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \uc704\uc0c1 \ubc30\uc5f4 \uc548\ud14c\ub098\uc758 \uc911\uc694\uc131\uc774 \uc99d\uac00\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc774\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \uae30\uc220\uc801 \uc9c4\ubcf4\ub294 \ud1b5\ud569 \ud68c\ub85c(IC) \uae30\uc220, \uc18c\ud504\ud2b8\uc6e8\uc5b4 \uc815\uc758 \ub77c\ub514\uc624(SDR), \uc778\uacf5 \uc9c0\ub2a5(AI) \ub4f1\uc758 \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c4 \ud601\uc2e0\uc5d0 \ud798\uc785\uc5b4, \ub354\uc6b1 \uc2a4\ub9c8\ud2b8\ud558\uace0 \ud6a8\uc728\uc801\uc778 \uc548\ud14c\ub098 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc758 \uac1c\ubc1c\uc744 \uac00\ub2a5\ucf00 \ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>\uacb0\ub860<\/h2>\n<p>\uc704\uc0c1 \ubc30\uc5f4 \uc548\ud14c\ub098\ub294 \uadf8\ub4e4\uc758 \uc720\uc5f0\ud55c \ube54 \ud615\uc131\ub2a5\ub825\uacfc \ube54 \uc870\ud5a5\uae30\ub2a5\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574, \ub9e4\uc6b0 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ud604\ub300 \uae30\uc220 \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc8fc\uc694\ud55c \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \uc218\ud589\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc548\ud14c\ub098 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc740 \ud1b5\uc2e0\ubd80\ud130 \ub808\uc774\ub354, \uc758\ub8cc \uae30\uae30\uc5d0 \uc774\ub974\uae30\uae4c\uc9c0, \uadf8 \uc751\uc6a9 \ubd84\uc57c\uac00 \uc9c0\uc18d\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud655\uc7a5\ub418\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc55e\uc73c\ub85c\uc758 \ubc1c\uc804\uc740 \uc774 \ubd84\uc57c\uc758 \uae30\uc220 \ubc1c\uc804 \ubfd0\ub9cc \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c, \ub354 \ub098\uc740 \ucee4\ub125\ud2f0\ube44\ud2f0\uc640 \ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc548\uc804\ud55c \uc138\uc0c1\uc744 \ud5a5\ud55c \ucd08\uc11d\uc774 \ub420 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uae30\uc220\uc758 \uc9c0\uc18d\uc801\uc778 \ubc1c\uc804\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574, \uc6b0\ub9ac\ub294 \uae30\uc874\uc758 \ud55c\uacc4\ub97c \ub118\uc5b4 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc758 \ubb38\uc744 \uc5f4\uc5b4\uac00\uace0 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \uc774\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uc758 \uc77c\uc0c1\uc0dd\ud65c\uc740 \ubb3c\ub860 \uc778\ub958 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc758 \uc804\ubc18\uc801\uc778 \ubc1c\uc804\uc744 \ub3c4\ubaa8\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc744 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