{"id":146740,"date":"2024-04-27T12:35:35","date_gmt":"2024-04-27T12:35:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/%ed%83%9c%ec%96%91-%ec%a0%84%ec%a7%80-%ed%8c%a8%eb%84%90\/"},"modified":"2024-04-27T12:35:43","modified_gmt":"2024-04-27T12:35:43","slug":"%ed%83%9c%ec%96%91-%ec%a0%84%ec%a7%80-%ed%8c%a8%eb%84%90","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/ko\/%ed%83%9c%ec%96%91-%ec%a0%84%ec%a7%80-%ed%8c%a8%eb%84%90\/","title":{"rendered":"\ud0dc\uc591 \uc804\uc9c0 \ud328\ub110"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">\ud0dc\uc591 \uc804\uc9c0 \ud328\ub110\uc758 \uc791\ub3d9 \uc6d0\ub9ac\uc640 \ud6a8\uc728\uc131\uc744 \ub2e4\ub8e8\uba70, \uad11\uc804 \ud6a8\uacfc\uc640 \uc2e4\ub9ac\ucf58 \uae30\ubc18 p-n \uc811\ud569\uc758 \uc911\uc694\uc131\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc0c1\uc138\ud788 \uc124\uba85\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/\ud0dc\uc591-\uc804\uc9c0-\ud328\ub110.png\" alt=\"\ud0dc\uc591 \uc804\uc9c0 \ud328\ub110\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>\ud0dc\uc591 \uc804\uc9c0 \ud328\ub110\uc758 \uae30\ubcf8 \uc6d0\ub9ac<\/h2>\n<p>\ud0dc\uc591 \uc804\uc9c0 \ud328\ub110, \uc989 \ud0dc\uc591\uad11 \ubc1c\uc804 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc740 \ud0dc\uc591\uc73c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \uc624\ub294 \ube5b \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0\ub97c \uc804\uae30\ub85c \ubcc0\ud658\ud558\ub294 \uae30\uc220\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \uc804\uc138\uacc4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc7ac\uc0dd \uac00\ub2a5 \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0\uc758 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \ucd9c\ucc98\ub85c \uc778\uc2dd\ub418\uba74\uc11c, \ub9ce\uc740 \uad00\uc2ec\uc744 \ubc1b\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \ubd84\uc57c \uc911 \ud558\ub098\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud0dc\uc591 \uc804\uc9c0 \ud328\ub110\uc758 \ud575\uc2ec \uae30\uc220\uc740 &#8216;\uad11\uc804 \ud6a8\uacfc'(photoelectric effect)\ub77c\ub294 \ubb3c\ub9ac \ud604\uc0c1\uc744 \uc774\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>\ud0dc\uc591 \uc804\uc9c0\uc758 \uad6c\uc870\uc640 \uc791\ub3d9 \uc6d0\ub9ac<\/h2>\n<p>\ud0dc\uc591 \uc804\uc9c0\ud310\uc740 \uc8fc\ub85c \uc2e4\ub9ac\ucf58\uc73c\ub85c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4 \uc9d1\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uc2e4\ub9ac\ucf58\uc740 \ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4\ub77c\ub294 \ud2b9\ubcc4\ud55c \ubb3c\uc9c8\ub85c\uc11c, \uc804\uae30\ub97c \uc804\ub3c4\ud558\uae30\ub3c4 \ud558\uace0 \uc800\ud56d\ud558\uae30\ub3c4 \ud558\ub294 \uc131\uc9c8\uc744 \uac00\uc9c0\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud0dc\uc591 \uc804\uc9c0\ub294 n\ud615 \uc2e4\ub9ac\ucf58(n-type silicon)\uacfc p\ud615 \uc2e4\ub9ac\ucf58(p-type silicon)\uc73c\ub85c \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c4 p-n \uc811\ud569\uc744 \ud575\uc2ec\uc73c\ub85c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc5ec\uae30\uc11c n\ud615 \uc2e4\ub9ac\ucf58\uc740 \uc591\uc131\uc790\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ub9ce\uc740 \uc790\uc720 \uc804\uc790\ub97c \uac00\uc9c0\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \ubc18\uba74, p\ud615 \uc2e4\ub9ac\ucf58\uc740 \uc804\uc790\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ub354 \ub9ce\uc740 &#8216;\ud640'(hole, \uc804\uc790\uac00 \uc804\uae30\ub97c \uc6b4\ubc18\ud558\uace0 \ub5a0\ub09c \uc790\ub9ac)\uc744 \uac00\uc9d1\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\ud0dc\uc591\uad11\uc774 p-n \uc811\ud569 \ubd80\uc704\uc5d0 \ub3c4\ub2ec\ud558\uba74, \uad11\ubb3c\ub9ac\uc801 \ubc18\uc751\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \uc804\uc790\uc640 \ud640\uc774 \uc0dd\uc131\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc804\uc790\ub294 \uc774\ub3d9\uc131\uc744 \uac00\uc9c0\uace0 \uc6c0\uc9c1\uc77c \uc218 \uc788\uac8c \ub418\uc5b4 \uc804\uae30\ub97c \uc0dd\uc131\ud558\uac8c \ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\uc640 \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 p\ud615\uacfc n\ud615 \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0\ub294 \uc804\uae30\uc7a5\uc774 \uc0dd\uaca8 \uc804\uc790\uac00 p\ud615 \uc2e4\ub9ac\ucf58 \ucabd\uc73c\ub85c \uc774\ub3d9\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \ub9c9\uace0, n\ud615 \ucabd\uc73c\ub85c\ub9cc \uc774\ub3d9\ud558\uac8c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ud558\uc5ec \uc678\ubd80 \ud68c\ub85c\ub85c \uc804\uc790\uac00 \ud750\ub97c \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uacbd\ub85c\uac00 \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4\uc9c0\uace0, \uc804\uc790\uc758 \ud750\ub984\uc774 \uace7 \uc804\uae30 \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0\ub97c \uc758\ubbf8\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>n\ud615 \uc2e4\ub9ac\ucf58<\/strong>: \ub3c4\ud551 \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \uc778\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \ub2e4\uc12f \uac1c\uc758 \uc804\uc790\ub97c \uac00\uc9c4 \uc6d0\uc18c\ub97c \ucca8\uac00\ud558\uc5ec \uc2e4\ub9ac\ucf58 \uc6d0\uc790 \uc911 \ud558\ub098\ub97c \ub300\uccb4\ud558\uba74, \ud55c \uac1c\uc758 \ucd94\uac00 \uc804\uc790\uac00 \uc790\uc720\ub86d\uac8c \uc774\ub3d9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uac8c \ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li><strong>p\ud615 \uc2e4\ub9ac\ucf58<\/strong>: \uc5ec\uae30\uc5d0\ub294 \ubcf4\ub860\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uc138 \uac1c\uc758 \uc804\uc790\ub97c \uac00\uc9c4 \uc6d0\uc18c\ub97c \ucca8\uac00\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \uc2e4\ub9ac\ucf58 \uaca9\uc790\uc5d0\uc11c \uc804\uc790 \ud55c \uac1c\uac00 \ubd80\uc871\ud558\uac8c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uba70, \uc774 &#8216;\uacb0\ud54d&#8217;\uc740 \uc804\uae30\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud640\ub85c \uc791\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\ud0dc\uc591 \uc804\uc9c0\ub294 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uac1c\ub97c \uc5f0\uacb0\ud558\uc5ec &#8216;\ud0dc\uc591\uad11 \ud328\ub110&#8217;\uc744 \ud615\uc131\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc5f0\uacb0\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uac01 \ub2e8\uc77c \uc804\uc9c0\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0dd\uc0b0\ub418\ub294 \uc804\ub825\uc774 \ud569\uccd0\uc838\uc11c \ub354 \ud070 \uc804\uae30 \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0\ub97c \uc0dd\uc131\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uac8c \ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud0dc\uc591\uad11 \ud328\ub110\uc740 \uc774\ub807\uac8c \uc0dd\uc131\ub41c \uc804\uae30\ub97c \uc800\uc7a5\ud558\uac70\ub098 \uc804\ub825\ub9dd\uc5d0 \uacf5\uae09\ud558\uc5ec \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>\ud0dc\uc591 \uc804\uc9c0\uc758 \ud6a8\uc728\uacfc \ubb38\uc81c\uc810<\/h2>\n<p>\ud0dc\uc591 \uc804\uc9c0\uc758 \ud6a8\uc728\uc740 \ud0dc\uc591\uad11\uc744 \uc804\uae30\ub85c \ubc14\uafb8\ub294 \ub2a5\ub960\uc744 \uc758\ubbf8\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud604\ub300\uc758 \ud0dc\uc591 \uc804\uc9c0 \ud328\ub110\uc740 \ub300\ub7b5 15%\uc5d0\uc11c 20% \ubc94\uc704\uc758 \ud6a8\uc728\uc744 \uac00\uc9c0\uace0 \uc788\uc73c\ub098, \uc9c0\uc18d\uc801\uc778 \uc5f0\uad6c\uc640 \uac1c\uc120\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uc774 \ud6a8\uc728\uc744 \ud5a5\uc0c1\uc2dc\ud0ac \uc218 \uc788\uc744 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \uae30\ub300\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud6a8\uc728 \ud5a5\uc0c1\uc744 \uc704\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \ube5b\uc758 \ud761\uc218\uc728\uc744 \ub192\uc774\uace0, \uc804\uc790\uc640 \ud640\uc774 \uc7ac\uacb0\ud569\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \ucd5c\uc18c\ud654\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc911\uc694\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\ud0dc\uc591 \uc804\uc9c0 \ud328\ub110\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uba74\uc11c \ub9c8\uc8fc\uce58\ub294 \uc8fc\uc694 \ubb38\uc81c\uc810 \uc911 \ud558\ub098\ub294 \ub0a0\uc528\uc640 \ud658\uacbd\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0 \ud68d\ub4dd\uc758 \ubcc0\ub3d9\uc131\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud750\ub9b0 \ub0a0\uc774\ub098 \uc57c\uac04\uc5d0\ub294 \ud0dc\uc591\uad11\uc774 \ucda9\ubd84\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc544 \ubc1c\uc804 \ud6a8\uc728\uc774 \ub5a8\uc5b4\uc9d1\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub610\ud55c, \ud0dc\uc591 \uc804\uc9c0 \ud328\ub110\uc744 \uc624\ub7ab\ub3d9\uc548 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uba74\uc11c \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc190\uc0c1\uc774\ub098 \uc624\uc5fc \ub610\ud55c \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0 \ud68d\ub4dd \ud6a8\uc728\uc744 \uac10\uc18c\uc2dc\ud0ac \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>\uc7a5\uae30\uc801 \uc9c0\uc18d\uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uacfc \ubbf8\ub798 \ubc1c\uc804 \ubc29\ud5a5<\/h2>\n<p>\ud0dc\uc591 \uc804\uc9c0 \ud328\ub110\uc758 \uc7a5\uae30\uc801\uc778 \uc9c0\uc18d\uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc744 \ub192\uc774\uae30 \uc704\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \ub0b4\uad6c\uc131\uacfc \uc720\uc9c0\ubcf4\uc218\uac00 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uacac\uace0\ud55c \uad6c\uc870\uc640 \uc624\uc5fc\uc5d0 \uac15\ud55c \uc7ac\ub8cc\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368, \ud0dc\uc591 \uc804\uc9c0 \ud328\ub110\uc758 \uc218\uba85\uc744 \uc5f0\uc7a5\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub610\ud55c, \ubc1c\uc804 \ud6a8\uc728\uc744 \uadf9\ub300\ud654\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uc2a4\ub9c8\ud2b8 \ud2b8\ub798\ud0b9 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc744 \uc801\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ud0dc\uc591\uc758 \uc704\uce58\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ud328\ub110\uc758 \uac01\ub3c4\ub97c \uc870\uc808\ud560 \uc218\ub3c4 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\ubbf8\ub798\uc758 \ud0dc\uc591 \uc804\uc9c0 \ud328\ub110\uc740 \ud604\uc7ac\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ub354 \uc587\uace0, \uacbd\ub7c9\ud654\ub418\uba70, \uc720\uc5f0\uc131\uc774 \uc788\uc744 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \uc608\uc0c1\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ubc1c\uc804\uc740 \ud0dc\uc591\uad11 \ubc1c\uc804 \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc744 \ud655\uc7a5\ud558\uace0, \uac74\ubb3c \ud1b5\ud569\ud615 \ud0dc\uc591\uad11(BIPV, Building-Integrated Photovoltaics) \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uacfc \uac19\uc774 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \ud65c\uc6a9 \ubd84\uc57c\ub97c \ucc3d\ucd9c\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub610\ud55c, \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4 \uc7ac\ub8cc\uc758 \uac1c\ubc1c\uacfc \ub098\ub178 \uae30\uc220\uc758 \uc801\uc6a9\uc740 \ud0dc\uc591 \uc804\uc9c0\uc758 \ud6a8\uc728\uc744 \ud06c\uac8c \ub04c\uc5b4\uc62c\ub9b4 \uc7a0\uc7ac\ub825\uc744 \uac00\uc9c0\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>\uacb0\ub860<\/h2>\n<p>\ud0dc\uc591 \uc804\uc9c0 \ud328\ub110\uc740 \ud658\uacbd \uce5c\ud654\uc801\uc774\uace0 \uc9c0\uc18d \uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \uc7ac\uc0dd \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0\uc6d0\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c, \uc6b0\ub9ac \uc0b6\uc758 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \ubd80\ubd84\uc774 \ub418\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uad11\uc804 \ud6a8\uacfc\ub97c \uae30\ubc18\uc73c\ub85c \ud55c \uc774 \ud601\uc2e0\uc801\uc778 \uae30\uc220\uc740 \uacc4\uc18d\ud574\uc11c \ubc1c\uc804\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \uc6b0\ub9ac \uc0dd\ud65c \uacf3\uacf3\uc5d0\uc11c \uadf8 \uc751\uc6a9\uc744 \ucc3e\uc544\ubcfc \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud0dc\uc591\uad11\uc740 \ud0dc\uc591\uc774 \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\ub294 \ud55c \ubb34\ud55c\ud55c \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0\ub97c \uc81c\uacf5\ud574 \uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc9c0\uad6c\uc0c1\uc758 \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0 \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \ud574\uacb0\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc5f4\uc1e0 \uc911 \ud558\ub098\ub85c \uc190\uaf3d\ud788\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc804 \uc138\uacc4\ub294 \uc9c0\uae08 \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0 \ubcc0\ud658 \ud6a8\uc728\uc131\uc744 \ub192\uc774\uace0, \ube44\uc6a9\uc744 \uc904\uc774\uba70, \ud0dc\uc591\uad11 \ubc1c\uc804\uc758 \uc548\uc815\uc131\uacfc \uc2e0\ub8b0\uc131\uc744 \ud5a5\uc0c1\uc2dc\ud0a4\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \ub04a\uc784\uc5c6\uc774 \uc5f0\uad6c\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud0dc\uc591 \uc804\uc9c0 \uae30\uc220\uc758 \uacc4\uc18d\ub418\ub294 \ubc1c\uc804\uc740 \uadf8 \uc790\uccb4\ub85c \uace0\ubb34\uc801\uc774\uba70, \uc774\ub294 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uac00 \uc7ac\uc0dd \uac00\ub2a5 \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0\uc758 \ubbf8\ub798\ub97c \ud55c\uce35 \ub354 \ubc1d\uac8c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uc99d\uac70\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud0dc\uc591\uad11 \ubc1c\uc804\uc758 \ud575\uc2ec\uc778 \ud0dc\uc591 \uc804\uc9c0 \ud328\ub110\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc54c\uc544\ubcfc\uc218\ub85d, \uc6b0\ub9ac\ub294 \ub354 \ub9ce\uc740 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc744 \ubc1c\uacac\ud558\uace0 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \ub3c4\uc804\uc744 \ubc1b\uc544\ub4e4\uc774\uac8c \ub420 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uc9c0\uc18d \uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \ubbf8\ub798\ub97c \ud5a5\ud55c \uc5ec\uc815\uc740 \ud55c \uac78\uc74c \ud55c \uac78\uc74c \uc9c4\ud589\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\ud0dc\uc591 \uc804\uc9c0 \ud328\ub110\uc758 \uc791\ub3d9 \uc6d0\ub9ac\uc640 \ud6a8\uc728\uc131\uc744 \ub2e4\ub8e8\uba70, \uad11\uc804 \ud6a8\uacfc\uc640 \uc2e4\ub9ac\ucf58 \uae30\ubc18 p-n \uc811\ud569\uc758 \uc911\uc694\uc131\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc0c1\uc138\ud788 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