{"id":146662,"date":"2024-04-27T12:25:15","date_gmt":"2024-04-27T12:25:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/%ec%9c%84%ec%97%94-%eb%b8%8c%eb%a6%ac%ec%a7%80-%eb%b0%9c%ec%a7%84%ea%b8%b0\/"},"modified":"2024-04-27T12:25:23","modified_gmt":"2024-04-27T12:25:23","slug":"%ec%9c%84%ec%97%94-%eb%b8%8c%eb%a6%ac%ec%a7%80-%eb%b0%9c%ec%a7%84%ea%b8%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/ko\/%ec%9c%84%ec%97%94-%eb%b8%8c%eb%a6%ac%ec%a7%80-%eb%b0%9c%ec%a7%84%ea%b8%b0\/","title":{"rendered":"\uc704\uc5d4 \ube0c\ub9ac\uc9c0 \ubc1c\uc9c4\uae30"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">\uc774\ud574\ud558\uae30 \uc26c\uc6b4 \uc704\uc5d4 \ube0c\ub9ac\uc9c0 \ubc1c\uc9c4\uae30 \uc124\uba85: \uc77c\uc815\ud55c \uc8fc\ud30c\uc218\uc640 \uc9c4\ud3ed\uc758 \uc815\ud604\ud30c\ub97c \uc0dd\uc131\ud558\ub294 \uc804\uc790 \uc7a5\uce58\ub85c, \uc624\ub514\uc624 \uc2e0\ud638 \uc0dd\uc131\uacfc \uc2e4\ud5d8\uc2e4 \uae30\uc900 \uc2e0\ud638\uc5d0 \uc4f0\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/\uc704\uc5d4-\ube0c\ub9ac\uc9c0-\ubc1c\uc9c4\uae30.png\" alt=\"\uc704\uc5d4 \ube0c\ub9ac\uc9c0 \ubc1c\uc9c4\uae30\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>\uc704\uc5d4 \ube0c\ub9ac\uc9c0 \ubc1c\uc9c4\uae30\uc758 \uae30\ubcf8 \uc774\ud574<\/h2>\n<p>\uc704\uc5d4 \ube0c\ub9ac\uc9c0 \ubc1c\uc9c4\uae30(Wien Bridge Oscillator)\ub294 \uc804\uc790\ud68c\ub85c \uc911 \ud558\ub098\ub85c, \uc77c\uc815\ud55c \uc9c4\ud3ed\uacfc \uc8fc\ud30c\uc218\ub97c \uac00\uc9c4 \uc815\ud604\ud30c(sine wave)\ub97c \uc0dd\uc131\ud558\ub294 \uc7a5\uce58\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc624\ub514\uc624 \uc7a5\ube44\uc758 \uc2e0\ud638 \uc0dd\uc131 \ub610\ub294 \uc2e4\ud5d8\uc2e4\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\ub294 \uae30\uc900 \uc2e0\ud638 \ubc1c\uc0dd \ub4f1 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0 \uc751\uc6a9\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc704\uc5d4 \ube0c\ub9ac\uc9c0 \ubc1c\uc9c4\uae30\ub294 \uc800\ud56d, \ucf58\ub374\uc11c, \uc99d\ud3ed\uae30 \ub4f1\uc758 \uae30\ubcf8 \uc804\uc790\ubd80\ud488\uc73c\ub85c \uad6c\uc131\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \ubc1c\uc9c4 \uc8fc\ud30c\uc218\ub294 \ubd80\ud488 \uac12\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uacb0\uc815\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc704\uc5d4 \ube0c\ub9ac\uc9c0 \ubc1c\uc9c4\uae30\uc758 \ud575\uc2ec \uad6c\uc131\uc694\uc18c\ub294 \uc704\uc5d4 \ube0c\ub9ac\uc9c0 \ud544\ud130(Wien Bridge Filter)\uc640 \uc99d\ud3ed\uae30 \uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc704\uc5d4 \ube0c\ub9ac\uc9c0 \ud544\ud130\ub294 RC(Resistor-Capacitor) \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c\ub85c \uad6c\uc131\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \uc774 \ud544\ud130\ub294 \ud2b9\uc815 \uc8fc\ud30c\uc218\uc5d0\uc11c \uadf8 \uc9c4\ud3ed\uc744 \uac15\uc870\ud558\ub294 \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \ud2b9\uc815 \uc8fc\ud30c\uc218\ub97c &#8216;\uacf5\uc9c4 \uc8fc\ud30c\uc218&#8217;\ub77c\uace0 \ud558\uba70, \uc704\uc5d4 \ube0c\ub9ac\uc9c0 \ubc1c\uc9c4\uae30\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0dd\uc131\ud558\uace0\uc790 \ud558\ub294 \uc2e0\ud638\uc758 \uc8fc\ud30c\uc218\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc99d\ud3ed\uae30\ub294 \uc2e0\ud638\uc758 \uc9c4\ud3ed\uc744 \uc99d\uac00\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub294 \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \ud558\uba70, \uc704\uc5d4 \ube0c\ub9ac\uc9c0 \ud68c\ub85c\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \uc120\ud0dd\ub41c \uc8fc\ud30c\uc218\uc758 \uc2e0\ud638\ub9cc\uc744 \uac15\ud654\ud558\uc5ec \uc548\uc815\ub41c \uc2e0\ud638 \uc9c4\ud3ed\uc744 \uc720\uc9c0\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubc1c\uc9c4\uae30\ub294 \uc99d\ud3ed\uae30\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \uc99d\ud3ed\ub41c \uc2e0\ud638\ub97c \ub2e4\uc2dc \ud544\ud130\ub85c \ubcf4\ub0b4\ub294 \ud53c\ub4dc\ubc31 \ub8e8\ud504(feedback loop)\ub97c \uac16\ucd94\uace0 \uc788\uc5b4\uc694. \uc774 \ud53c\ub4dc\ubc31 \ub8e8\ud504\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc740 \uc9c0\uc18d\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc2e0\ud638\ub97c \uc0dd\uc131\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>\uc704\uc5d4 \ube0c\ub9ac\uc9c0 \ubc1c\uc9c4\uae30\uc758 \uc791\ub3d9 \uc6d0\ub9ac<\/h2>\n<p>\uc704\uc5d4 \ube0c\ub9ac\uc9c0 \ubc1c\uc9c4\uae30\uc758 \uc791\ub3d9 \uc6d0\ub9ac\ub97c \uc774\ud574\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \uba3c\uc800 &#8216;\uacf5\uc9c4(resonance)&#8217;\uacfc &#8216;\uc704\uc0c1(phase)&#8217; \uac1c\ub150\uc744 \uc54c\uc544\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uacf5\uc9c4\uc774\ub780 \ud2b9\uc815 \uc8fc\ud30c\uc218\uc5d0\uc11c \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc774 \uac00\uc7a5 \ud070 \ubc18\uc751\uc744 \ubcf4\uc774\ub294 \ud604\uc0c1\uc744 \ub9d0\ud558\uace0, \uc704\uc0c1\uc740 \ud30c\ub3d9\uc774\ub098 \uc2e0\ud638\uac00 \uac16\ub294 \uac01\ub3c4\uc801\uc778 \ud2b9\uc131\uc744 \uc758\ubbf8\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubc1c\uc9c4\uae30\ub294 \uc774 \ub450 \uac00\uc9c0\ub97c \ud65c\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uc548\uc815\uc801\uc778 \uc815\ud604\ud30c\ub97c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4\ub0c5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc704\uc5d4 \ube0c\ub9ac\uc9c0 \ud544\ud130\ub294 \ud2b9\uc815 \uc8fc\ud30c\uc218\uc5d0\uc11c \uc785\ub825 \uc2e0\ud638\uc640 \ucd9c\ub825 \uc2e0\ud638\uac00 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \uc704\uc0c1\uc744 \uac16\ub3c4\ub85d \uc124\uacc4\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub97c \uc704\ud558\uc5ec \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uacf5\uc2dd\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n<p>\\[ f = \\frac{1}{2 \\pi R C} \\]<\/p>\n<p>\uc5ec\uae30\uc11c \\( f \\)\ub294 \uacf5\uc9c4 \uc8fc\ud30c\uc218\uc774\uba70, \\( R \\)\uc740 \uc800\ud56d, \\( C \\)\ub294 \ucf58\ub374\uc11c\uc758 \uc6a9\ub7c9\uc744 \uc758\ubbf8\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \ubc29\uc815\uc2dd\uc744 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uc6d0\ud558\ub294 \uc8fc\ud30c\uc218\uc758 \uc815\ud604\ud30c\ub97c \uc5bb\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \uc800\ud56d\uacfc \ucf58\ub374\uc11c\uc758 \uac12\uc744 \uacb0\uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\ubc1c\uc9c4\uc744 \uc720\uc9c0\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \uc99d\ud3ed\uae30\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\ub294 \uc2e0\ud638\uc758 \uc190\uc2e4\uc744 \ubcf4\uc0c1\ud558\uace0, \ud53c\ub4dc\ubc31 \ub8e8\ud504\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \ud544\ud130\uc5d0 \uc785\ub825\ub418\ub294 \uc2e0\ud638\uc758 \uc704\uc0c1\uacfc \uc9c4\ud3ed\uc744 \uc801\uc808\ud788 \uc870\uc815\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc911\uc694\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c &#8216;\uc704\uc0c1 \ucc9c\uc774(phase shift)&#8217;\uc640 &#8216;\uac10\uc1e0(damping)&#8217; \uac1c\ub150\uc774 \uc911\uc694\ud55c\ub370, \uc704\uc0c1 \ucc9c\uc774\ub294 \uc2e0\ud638\uc758 \uc704\uc0c1\uc774 \uc5bc\ub9c8\ub098 \uc774\ub3d9\ud588\ub294\uac00\ub97c \ub098\ud0c0\ub0b4\uba70, \uac10\uc1e0\ub294 \uc2e0\ud638\uac00 \uc2dc\uac04\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \uc904\uc5b4\ub4dc\ub294\uac00\ub97c \uc124\uba85\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc99d\ud3ed\uae30\uc640 \ud544\ud130\uc758 \uc801\uc808\ud55c \uc870\ud569\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uc81c\ub300\ub85c\ub41c \ud53c\ub4dc\ubc31\uc744 \uc124\uc815\ud558\uace0, \uc774\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \ud544\ud130\uc5d0 \ub2e4\uc2dc \ud53c\ub4dc\ubc31\ub418\ub294 \uc2e0\ud638\uac00 \uc6d0\ub798 \uc2e0\ud638\uc640 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \uc704\uc0c1\uacfc \uc9c4\ud3ed\uc744 \uc720\uc9c0\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368, \uc704\uc5d4 \ube0c\ub9ac\uc9c0 \ubc1c\uc9c4\uae30\ub294 \uc548\uc815\ub41c \uc8fc\ud30c\uc218\uc758 \uc815\ud604\ud30c\ub97c \uc9c0\uc18d\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc0dd\uc131\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uac8c \ub418\ub294 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\ub2e4\uc74c \uc139\uc158\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc704\uc5d4 \ube0c\ub9ac\uc9c0\uc758 \uac1c\ubcc4 \ubd80\ud488\uc758 \uc5ed\ud560\uacfc \uc2e4\uc81c \ud68c\ub85c \uc124\uacc4 \ubc29\ubc95\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \ub354 \uc790\uc138\ud788 \uc54c\uc544\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>\uc704\uc5d4 \ube0c\ub9ac\uc9c0 \ubc1c\uc9c4\uae30\uc758 \uad6c\uc131 \uc694\uc18c<\/h2>\n<p>\uc704\uc5d4 \ube0c\ub9ac\uc9c0 \ubc1c\uc9c4\uae30\ub97c \uad6c\uc131\ud558\ub294 \uc8fc\ub41c \ubd80\ud488\uc740 \uc800\ud56d(R), \ucf58\ub374\uc11c(C), \uc99d\ud3ed\uae30(op-amp), \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc885\uc885 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\ub294 \ub2e4\uc774\uc624\ub4dc\ub098 \uc804\uad6c \ub4f1\uc758 \ube44\uc120\ud615 \ubd80\ud488\ub4e4\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\uc800\ud56d(R)<\/strong>: \uc2e0\ud638\uc758 \uc804\ub958\ub97c \uc81c\ud55c\ud558\uace0 \uc804\uc555\uc744 \ubd84\ubc30\ud558\ub294 \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \ubc1c\uc9c4\uae30\uc758 \uc8fc\ud30c\uc218\uc640 \ubc00\uc811\ud55c \uad00\ub828\uc774 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\ucf58\ub374\uc11c(C)<\/strong>: \uc804\uae30\ub97c \ucda9\uc804\ud558\uace0 \ubc29\uc804\ud558\ub294 \ubd80\ud488\uc73c\ub85c, \uc800\ud56d\uacfc \ud568\uaed8 \uc704\uc5d4 \ube0c\ub9ac\uc9c0 \ud544\ud130\uc758 \uc8fc\uc694 \uad6c\uc131 \uc694\uc18c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\uc99d\ud3ed\uae30(op-amp)<\/strong>: \uc2e0\ud638\uc758 \uc9c4\ud3ed\uc744 \uc99d\uac00\uc2dc\ucf1c\uc8fc\uba70, \uace0\uc774\ub4dd\uc744 \uac00\uc9c4\ub2e4\ub294 \ud2b9\uc9d5\uc774 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubc1c\uc9c4\uae30\uc5d0\uc11c \uc8fc\uc694\ud558\uac8c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\ub294 \uc99d\ud3ed\uae30\ub294 \uc5f0\uc0b0 \uc99d\ud3ed\uae30(Operation Amplifier)\ub77c\uace0 \ubd88\ub9bd\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\ube44\uc120\ud615 \ubd80\ud488<\/strong>: \ubc1c\uc9c4 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc5d0\uc11c \uc2e0\ud638\uc758 \uc9c4\ud3ed\uc744 \uc548\uc815\ud654\uc2dc\ud0a4\uae30 \uc704\ud558\uc5ec \ub2e4\uc774\uc624\ub4dc\ub098 \uc804\uad6c \ub4f1\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uae30\ub3c4 \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \ubd80\ud488\ub4e4\uc740 \ubc1c\uc9c4\uae30\uc758 \uc2e0\ud638\uac00 \ub108\ubb34 \ucee4\uc9c0\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \ubc29\uc9c0\ud558\ub294 \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\ud68c\ub85c \uc124\uacc4 \ubc29\ubc95<\/h2>\n<p>\uc2e4\uc81c \uc704\uc5d4 \ube0c\ub9ac\uc9c0 \ubc1c\uc9c4\uae30\ub97c \uc124\uacc4\ud560 \ub54c\ub294 \uba87 \uac00\uc9c0 \uc8fc\uc694 \uace0\ub824\uc0ac\ud56d\uc774 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uac00\uc7a5 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uac83\uc740 \ubc1c\uc9c4\uae30\uac00 \uc6d0\ud558\ub294 \uc8fc\ud30c\uc218\uc5d0\uc11c \uc548\uc815\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc791\ub3d9\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub97c \uc704\ud558\uc5ec \uc800\ud56d\uacfc \ucf58\ub374\uc11c \uac12\uc744 \uc801\uc808\ud788 \uc120\ud0dd\ud558\uace0, \uc99d\ud3ed\uae30\uc758 \uc774\ub4dd\uc744 \uc815\ud655\ud558\uac8c \uc124\uc815\ud574\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\ub610\ud55c, \uc628\ub3c4 \ubcc0\ud654\ub098 \ubd80\ud488\uc758 \ub178\ud654\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \uc0dd\uae38 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc2e0\ud638 \ubd88\uc548\uc815\uc131\uc744 \ucd5c\uc18c\ud654\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uace0\uc815\ubc00\ub3c4\uc758 \ubd80\ud488\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uac70\ub098, \uc628\ub3c4 \ubcf4\uc0c1 \ud68c\ub85c\ub97c \ucd94\uac00\ub85c \uc124\uacc4\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc88b\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\ub9c8\uc9c0\ub9c9\uc73c\ub85c, \ubc18\ubcf5\uc801\uc778 \uc2e4\ud5d8\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uc2e4\uc81c \ud68c\ub85c\uac00 \uc774\ub860\uc5d0 \uae30\ubc18\ud55c \uc124\uacc4\uc640 \uc77c\uce58\ud558\ub294\uc9c0\ub97c \ud655\uc778\ud558\uc5ec, \ucd5c\uc801\uc758 \uc131\ub2a5\uc744 \ubcf4\uc7a5\ud574\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>\uacb0\ub860<\/h2>\n<p>\uc704\uc5d4 \ube0c\ub9ac\uc9c0 \ubc1c\uc9c4\uae30\ub294 \uadf8 \uac04\uacb0\ud568\uacfc \ud6a8\uc728\uc131\uc73c\ub85c \ub9ce\uc740 \uc804\uc790 \uae30\uae30\uc5d0\uc11c \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubcf8\ubb38\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uc124\uba85\ub41c \uc774\ub860\uc801 \ubc30\uacbd\uacfc \uad6c\uc131 \uc694\uc18c\uc758 \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \uc774\ud574\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368, \uc704\uc5d4 \ube0c\ub9ac\uc9c0 \ubc1c\uc9c4\uae30\uc758 \uae30\ubcf8 \uc791\ub3d9 \uc6d0\ub9ac\uc640 \uc124\uacc4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uae30\ucd08 \uc9c0\uc2dd\uc744 \uac16\ucd9c \uc218 \uc788\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uc9c0\uc2dd\uc744 \ubc14\ud0d5\uc73c\ub85c, \uc5ec\ub7ec\ubd84\ub3c4 \uc2e4\uc81c \ubc1c\uc9c4\uae30 \ud68c\ub85c\ub97c \uc124\uacc4\ud558\uace0 \uc2e4\ud5d8\ud574\ubcfc \uc218 \uc788\uc744 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc2e4\ud5d8 \uc2e4\uc2b5\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uc774\ub860\uc801 \uc9c0\uc2dd\uc744 \uc2e4\uc81c \uc751\uc6a9\ud558\uba74\uc11c, \uc804\uc790 \uacf5\ud559\uc758 \uc138\uacc4\uc5d0 \ud55c\uac78\uc74c \ub354 \ub2e4\uac00\uac08 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc704\uc5d4 \ube0c\ub9ac\uc9c0 \ubc1c\uc9c4\uae30\uc758 \uc6d0\ub9ac\ub97c \uae4a\uc774 \uc788\uac8c \uc774\ud574\ud558\uace0 \ub098\uba74, \ubcf5\uc7a1\ud55c \uc804\uc790 \ud68c\ub85c\uc758 \uc124\uacc4\uc640 \ubd84\uc11d\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \ud575\uc2ec\uc801\uc778 \ud1a0\ub300\ub97c \ub9c8\ub828\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc744 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\uc774\ud574\ud558\uae30 \uc26c\uc6b4 \uc704\uc5d4 \ube0c\ub9ac\uc9c0 \ubc1c\uc9c4\uae30 \uc124\uba85: \uc77c\uc815\ud55c \uc8fc\ud30c\uc218\uc640 \uc9c4\ud3ed\uc758 \uc815\ud604\ud30c\ub97c \uc0dd\uc131\ud558\ub294 \uc804\uc790 \uc7a5\uce58\ub85c, \uc624\ub514\uc624 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