{"id":143070,"date":"2024-01-14T13:17:15","date_gmt":"2024-01-14T13:17:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/%ea%b0%88%eb%a5%a8-%ec%a7%88%ed%99%94%eb%ac%bc-%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%b2%b4-%ec%86%8d%ec%84%b1-%eb%b0%8f-%ec%9d%91%ec%9a%a9\/"},"modified":"2024-02-21T17:43:06","modified_gmt":"2024-02-21T17:43:06","slug":"%ea%b0%88%eb%a5%a8-%ec%a7%88%ed%99%94%eb%ac%bc-%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%b2%b4-%ec%86%8d%ec%84%b1-%eb%b0%8f-%ec%9d%91%ec%9a%a9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/ko\/%ea%b0%88%eb%a5%a8-%ec%a7%88%ed%99%94%eb%ac%bc-%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%b2%b4-%ec%86%8d%ec%84%b1-%eb%b0%8f-%ec%9d%91%ec%9a%a9\/","title":{"rendered":"\uac08\ub968 \uc9c8\ud654\ubb3c | \ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4 | \uc18d\uc131 \ubc0f \uc751\uc6a9"},"content":{"rendered":"

\uac08\ub968 \ub098\uc774\ud2b8\ub77c\uc774\ub4dc: \ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4\uc758 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131<\/h2>\n

\ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4\ub294 \uc720\uae30\uc801 \ud639\uc740 \ubb34\uae30\uc801 \ubb3c\uc9c8\ub85c, \ud654\ud559\uc801 \uad6c\uc870, \uc628\ub3c4, \uc870\uba85 \ubc0f \ub3c4\ud551 \ubb3c\uc9c8\uc758 \uc874\uc7ac\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uadf8 \uc804\ub3c4\uc131\uc744 \uc870\uc808\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub4e4\uc758 \uc804\uae30 \uc804\ub3c4\uc131\uc740 \uad6c\ub9ac\ub098 \uae08\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uae08\uc18d\uacfc \uc720\ub9ac\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \uc808\uc5f0\uccb4 \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0 \uc704\uce58\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4\uc758 \uc8fc\uc694 \ud2b9\uc9d5\uc740 4eV \ubbf8\ub9cc(\uc57d 1eV)\uc758 \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0 \uac2d(energy gap)\uc5d0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uace0\uccb4 \ubb3c\ub9ac\ud559\uc5d0\uc11c \uc774 \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0 \uac2d\uc740 \uc804\uc790 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uac00 \uae08\uc9c0\ub41c \uc804\uc790\uac00 \ub300\uc5ed\uacfc \uc804\ub3c4 \ub300\uc5ed \uc0ac\uc774\uc758 \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0 \ubc94\uc704\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc804\ub3c4\uccb4\uc640 \ub2ec\ub9ac, \ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4\uc758 \uc804\uc790\ub294 \uc774\uc628\ud654 \ubc29\uc0ac\uc120\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0\ub97c \uc5bb\uc5b4\uc11c \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0 \uac2d\uc744 \ub118\uc5b4 \uc804\ub3c4 \ub300\uc5ed\uc5d0 \ub3c4\ub2ec\ud574\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uac08\ub968 \ub098\uc774\ud2b8\ub77c\uc774\ub4dc(GaN)\uc758 \ub3c5\ud2b9\ud55c \ud2b9\uc131<\/h2>\n

\uac08\ub968 \ub098\uc774\ud2b8\ub77c\uc774\ub4dc(GaN)\ub294 \ub113\uc740 \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0 \uac2d(3.4eV)\uc744 \uac00\uc9c4 \ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4 \uc7ac\ub8cc\ub85c, \ucd5c\uadfc \ub4e4\uc5b4 \uadf8 \ud2b9\ubcc4\ud55c \uc804\uc790\uc801 \ud2b9\uc131\uc73c\ub85c \uc8fc\ubaa9\ubc1b\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \uc2e4\ub9ac\ucf58(1.1eV) \ubc0f \uac08\ub968 \uc544\ub974\uc138\ub098\uc774\ub4dc(1.4eV)\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \uc804\ud1b5\uc801\uc778 \ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ub354 \ud070 \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0 \uac2d\uc744 \uac00\uc9d1\ub2c8\ub2e4. GaN\uc740 \uace0\uc804\ub825 \ubc0f \uace0\uc8fc\ud30c \uc804\uc790 \uc7a5\uce58\uc5d0 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uae30\uc5d0 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc801\ud569\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

GaN\uc758 \uac00\uc7a5 \ud070 \uc7a5\uc810 \uc911 \ud558\ub098\ub294 \uc2e4\ub9ac\ucf58\uc5d0 \ube44\ud574 \ucd5c\ub300 20\ubc30 \ub354 \ub192\uc740 \uc804\uc790 \uc774\ub3d9\uc131\uc744 \uac00\uc9c4\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \ub354 \ub192\uc740 \uc804\uc790 \uc18d\ub3c4\uc640 \ub354 \ube60\ub978 \uc2a4\uc704\uce6d \uc18d\ub3c4\ub97c \uac00\ub2a5\ud558\uac8c \ud558\uc5ec \uc804\ub825 \uc804\uc790 \uc7a5\uce58, \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4 \uc804\uc6d0 \uacf5\uae09 \uc7a5\uce58 \ubc0f \uc778\ubc84\ud130\uc5d0 \uc774\uc0c1\uc801\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub610\ud55c, GaN\uc740 \ub192\uc740 \uc628\ub3c4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uac15\ud55c \uc800\ud56d\ub825\uc744 \uac00\uc9c0\uace0 \uc788\uc5b4 \uc790\ub3d9\ucc28 \ubc0f \ud56d\uacf5 \uc6b0\uc8fc \uc560\ud50c\ub9ac\ucf00\uc774\uc158\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uace0\uc628 \ud658\uacbd\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uae30\uc5d0 \uc801\ud569\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ucd94\uac00\uc801\uc73c\ub85c, GaN\uc740 \uc6b4\uc601 \uc911 \uc0dd\uc131\ub418\ub294 \uc5f4\uc744 \ubd84\uc0b0\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub294 \ub370 \ub3c4\uc6c0\uc774 \ub418\ub294 \ud0c1\uc6d4\ud55c \uc5f4 \uc804\ub3c4\uc131\uc744 \uac00\uc9c0\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

GaN\uc740 \ub610\ud55c \uace0\ud718\ub3c4 LED\uc640 \ub808\uc774\uc800 \ub2e4\uc774\uc624\ub4dc \uac1c\ubc1c\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uad11\uc804\uc790 \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc751\uc6a9 \ubd84\uc57c\ub97c \uac00\uc9c0\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. GaN \uae30\ubc18 LED\ub294 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \ud6a8\uc728\uc801\uc774\uba70 \uc77c\ubc18 \uc870\uba85\uc5d0\uc11c \uc790\ub3d9\ucc28 \ud5e4\ub4dc\ub77c\uc774\ud2b8, LCD \ub514\uc2a4\ud50c\ub808\uc774\uc758 \ubc31\ub77c\uc774\ud2b8\uc5d0 \uc774\ub974\uae30\uae4c\uc9c0 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uc751\uc6a9 \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4\uc758 \uc720\ud615\uacfc \ud2b9\uc131<\/h2>\n

\ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4\ub294 \uc804\uc790\uc801 \ud2b9\uc131\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ub450 \uac00\uc9c0 \uae30\ubcf8 \uc720\ud615\uc73c\ub85c \ubd84\ub958\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n

\ub0b4\uc7ac \ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4(Intrinsic Semiconductors): \uc21c\uc218\ud55c \ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4\ub85c, \ub2e8\uc77c \uc6d0\uc18c(\uc608: \uc2e4\ub9ac\ucf58, \uac8c\ub974\ub9c8\ub284)\ub85c \uad6c\uc131\ub418\uba70 \uc758\ub3c4\uc801\uc778 \ub3c4\ud551\uc774 \uc5c6\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub0b4\uc7ac \ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4\ub294 \ubc1c\ub80c\uc2a4 \ubc34\ub4dc\uc640 \uc804\ub3c4 \ubc34\ub4dc\uc5d0 \ud2b9\uc815 \uc218\uc758 \uc804\uc790\ub97c \uac00\uc9c0\uba70, \uc77c\ubd80 \uc804\uc790\uac00 \ucda9\ubd84\ud55c \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0\ub97c \uc5bb\uc5b4 \uadf8\ub4e4\uc758 \uacb0\ud569\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc97\uc5b4\ub098 \uc804\ub3c4 \ubc34\ub4dc\uc5d0\uc11c \uc790\uc720 \uc804\uc790\uac00 \ub420 \ub54c \uc804\uae30\ub97c \uc804\ub3c4\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uc678\uc7ac \ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4(Extrinsic Semiconductors): \ub3c4\ud551\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uc804\uc790\uc801 \ud2b9\uc131\uc744 \ubcc0\uacbd\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uc758\ub3c4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubd88\uc21c\ubb3c\uc774 \ucca8\uac00\ub41c \ubd88\uc21c\ud55c \ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc678\uc7ac \ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4\ub294 \ub450 \uac00\uc9c0 \uc720\ud615\uc73c\ub85c \ub354 \uc138\ubd84\ud654\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n

p\ud615 \ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4(p-type semiconductors): \ubcf4\ub860\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \ubd88\uc21c\ubb3c \uc6d0\uc18c\uac00 \ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4 \uc7ac\ub8cc\uc5d0 \ub3c4\uc785\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \ubd88\uc21c\ubb3c\uc740 \ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4 \uc7ac\ub8cc\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc801\uc740 \uc218\uc758 \ubc1c\ub80c\uc2a4 \uc804\uc790\ub97c \uac00\uc9c0\uace0 \uc788\uc5b4, \ubc1c\ub80c\uc2a4 \ubc34\ub4dc\uc5d0 “\uad6c\uba4d”(\uc804\uc790\uc758 \ubd80\uc7ac)\uc774 \uc0dd\uc131\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uad6c\uba4d\ub4e4\uc740 \uc591\uc758 \uc804\ud558 \uc6b4\ubc18\uccb4\ucc98\ub7fc \uc804\ub958\ub97c \uc804\ub3c4\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc5b4, \uc7ac\ub8cc\uc5d0 p\ud615 \uc9c0\uc815\uc744 \ubd80\uc5ec\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\nn\ud615 \ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4(n-type semiconductors): \uc778\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \ubd88\uc21c\ubb3c \uc6d0\uc18c\uac00 \ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4 \uc7ac\ub8cc\uc5d0 \ub3c4\uc785\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \ubd88\uc21c\ubb3c\uc740 \ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4 \uc7ac\ub8cc\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ub9ce\uc740 \ubc1c\ub80c\uc2a4 \uc804\uc790\ub97c \uac00\uc9c0\uace0 \uc788\uc5b4, \uc804\ub3c4 \ubc34\ub4dc\uc5d0 \uacfc\uc789 \uc804\uc790\uac00 \uc0dd\uc131\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uacfc\uc789 \uc804\uc790\ub4e4\uc740 \uc74c\uc758 \uc804\ud558 \uc6b4\ubc18\uccb4\ucc98\ub7fc \uc804\ub958\ub97c \uc804\ub3c4\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc5b4, \uc7ac\ub8cc\uc5d0 n\ud615 \uc9c0\uc815\uc744 \ubd80\uc5ec\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n\ub2e4\uc74c\uc740 3\uac00\uc9c0 \ub0b4\uc7ac \ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4\uc640 2\uac00\uc9c0 p\ud615 \ubc0f n\ud615 \ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4\uc758 \uc8fc\uc694 \ud2b9\uc131\uc744 \ub098\ud0c0\ub0b4\ub294 \ud45c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n

\ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4\t\uc720\ud615\t\ubc34\ub4dc \uac2d (eV)\t\uc804\uc790 \uc774\ub3d9\uc131 (cm\u00b2\/Vs)\t\uad6c\uba4d \uc774\ub3d9\uc131 (cm\u00b2\/Vs)\t\uc5f4 \uc804\ub3c4\uc131 (W\/mK)
\n\uc2e4\ub9ac\ucf58 (Si)\t\ub0b4\uc7ac\t1.12\t1500\t450\t150
\n\uac8c\ub974\ub9c8\ub284 (Ge)\t\ub0b4\uc7ac\t0.67\t3900\t1900\t60
\n\uac08\ub968 \uc544\ub974\uc138\ub098\uc774\ub4dc (GaAs)\t\ub0b4\uc7ac\t1.43\t8500\t400\t46
\n\ubcf4\ub860 \ub3c4\ud551 \uc2e4\ub9ac\ucf58 (p-Si)\tp\ud615\t1.12\t1500\t1800\t150
\n\uc778 \ub3c4\ud551 \uc2e4\ub9ac\ucf58 (n-Si)\tn\ud615\t1.12\t1500\t4500\t150
\n\uc54c\ub8e8\ubbf8\ub284 \ub3c4\ud551 \uac08\ub968 \uc544\ub974\uc138\ub098\uc774\ub4dc (p-GaAs)\tp\ud615\t1.43\t8500\t200\t46
\n\uc2e4\ub9ac\ucf58 \ub3c4\ud551 \uac08\ub968 \uc544\ub974\uc138\ub098\uc774\ub4dc (n-GaAs)\tn\ud615\t1.43\t8500\t800\t46<\/p>\n

\"Gallium<\/p>\n

\n Original Article<\/a>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\uc9c8\ud654\uac08\ub968(GaN)\uc740 \ub3c5\ud2b9\ud55c \uc804\uc790\uc801 \ud2b9\uc131\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \ucd5c\uadfc \uba87 \ub144\uac04 \uc8fc\ubaa9\uc744 \ubc1b\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uad11\ub300\uc5ed \uac2d \ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4 \uc18c\uc7ac\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_generate-full-width-content":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-143070","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-15","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-50"],"yoast_head":"\n\uac08\ub968 \uc9c8\ud654\ubb3c | \ubc18\ub3c4\uccb4 | \uc18d\uc131 \ubc0f \uc751\uc6a9<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\uc9c8\ud654\uac08\ub968(GaN)\uc740 \ub3c5\ud2b9\ud55c \uc804\uc790\uc801 \ud2b9\uc131\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \ucd5c\uadfc \uba87 \ub144\uac04 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