{"id":213798,"date":"2024-08-06T02:23:05","date_gmt":"2024-08-06T02:23:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/?p=213798"},"modified":"2024-08-06T02:23:05","modified_gmt":"2024-08-06T02:23:05","slug":"%e7%90%83%e7%8a%b6%e3%81%ae%e9%9b%bb%e8%8d%b7%e3%81%8b%e3%82%89%e7%94%9f%e3%81%98%e3%82%8b%e9%9b%bb%e5%a0%b4%e3%81%ae%e6%b1%82%e3%82%81%e6%96%b9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/ja\/%e7%90%83%e7%8a%b6%e3%81%ae%e9%9b%bb%e8%8d%b7%e3%81%8b%e3%82%89%e7%94%9f%e3%81%98%e3%82%8b%e9%9b%bb%e5%a0%b4%e3%81%ae%e6%b1%82%e3%82%81%e6%96%b9\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7403\u72b6\u306e\u96fb\u8377\u304b\u3089\u751f\u3058\u308b\u96fb\u5834\u306e\u6c42\u3081\u65b9"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">\u7403\u72b6\u306e\u96fb\u8377\u304b\u3089\u751f\u3058\u308b\u96fb\u5834\u306e\u6c42\u3081\u65b9\u3092\u5206\u304b\u308a\u3084\u3059\u304f\u89e3\u8aac\u3002\u521d\u5fc3\u8005\u5411\u3051\u306b\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406\u3068\u8a08\u7b97\u624b\u9806\u3092\u4e01\u5be7\u306b\u8aac\u660e\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u7403\u72b6\u306e\u96fb\u8377\u304b\u3089\u751f\u3058\u308b\u96fb\u5834\u306e\u6c42\u3081\u65b9<\/h2>\n<p>\u96fb\u5834 (electric field) \u306f\u3001\u96fb\u8377\u304c\u4ed6\u306e\u96fb\u8377\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u529b\u3092\u53ca\u307c\u3059\u7a7a\u9593\u306e\u3053\u3068\u3092\u6307\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u7403\u72b6\u306e\u96fb\u8377\u5206\u5e03\u304b\u3089\u751f\u3058\u308b\u96fb\u5834\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u65b9\u6cd5\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u8aac\u660e\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u30af\u30fc\u30ed\u30f3\u306e\u6cd5\u5247<\/h2>\n<p>\u30af\u30fc\u30ed\u30f3\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u3001\u70b9\u96fb\u8377 \\(Q\\) \u304c\u4f5c\u308b\u96fb\u5834 \\(E\\) \u306f\u8ddd\u96e2 \\(r\\) \u306b\u53cd\u6bd4\u4f8b\u3057\u3066\u5f37\u304f\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5f0f\u3067\u8868\u3059\u3068\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\\[<br \/>\nE = \\frac{kQ}{r^2}<br \/>\n\\]<\/p>\n<p>\u3053\u3053\u3067\u3001\\( k \\) \u306f\u30af\u30fc\u30ed\u30f3\u5b9a\u6570 (\u7d04 \\(8.99 \\times 10^9 \\, \\text{Nm}^2\/\\text{C}^2\\)) \u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247<\/h2>\n<p>\u7403\u72b6\u306e\u96fb\u8377\u5206\u5e03\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3001\u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u3092\u9069\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3068\u4fbf\u5229\u3067\u3059\u3002\u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u306f\u6b21\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3059\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\\[<br \/>\n\\oint \\vec{E} \\cdot d\\vec{A} = \\frac{Q_{\\text{enc}}}{\\epsilon_0}<br \/>\n\\]<\/p>\n<p>\u3053\u3053\u3067\u3001\\(\\oint \\vec{E} \\cdot d\\vec{A}\\) 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\u306e\u95a2\u6570\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3060\u3051\u5909\u308f\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3068\u304d\u3001\u7403\u306e\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u306b\u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u9762\u3092\u8003\u3048\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u9762\u306f\u96fb\u8377\u304c\u4e2d\u5fc3\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u5bfe\u79f0\u306b\u5206\u5e03\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u9650\u308a\u3001\u6709\u52b9\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u9762\u3092\u9069\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3068\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\\[<br \/>\nE \\cdot 4 \\pi r^2 = \\frac{Q}{\\epsilon_0}<br \/>\n\\]<\/p>\n<p>\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3001\u96fb\u5834 \\(E\\) \u306f\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\\[<br \/>\nE = \\frac{Q}{4 \\pi \\epsilon_0 r^2}<br \/>\n\\]<\/p>\n<h2>\u5185\u90e8\u306e\u96fb\u5834<\/h2>\n<p>\u7403\u72b6\u306e\u96fb\u8377\u5206\u5e03\u306e\u5185\u90e8 (\u534a\u5f84 \\(r < R\\)\u3001\u3053\u3053\u3067 \\(R\\) \u306f\u7403\u306e\u534a\u5f84) 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\/>\n\\]<\/p>\n<h2>\u307e\u3068\u3081<\/h2>\n<p>\u7403\u72b6\u306e\u96fb\u8377\u304b\u3089\u751f\u3058\u308b\u96fb\u5834\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u306f\u3001\u30af\u30fc\u30ed\u30f3\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u304a\u3088\u3073\u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5185\u90e8\u304a\u3088\u3073\u5916\u90e8\u3067\u96fb\u5834\u306e\u5f0f\u304c\u7570\u306a\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u96fb\u8377\u5206\u5e03\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u305f\u9069\u5207\u306a\u5f0f\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u91cd\u8981\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u7403\u72b6\u306e\u96fb\u8377\u304b\u3089\u751f\u3058\u308b\u96fb\u5834\u306e\u6c42\u3081\u65b9\u3092\u5206\u304b\u308a\u3084\u3059\u304f\u89e3\u8aac\u3002\u521d\u5fc3\u8005\u5411\u3051\u306b\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406\u3068\u8a08\u7b97\u624b\u9806\u3092\u4e01\u5be7\u306b\u8aac\u660e\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_generate-full-width-content":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[102],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-213798","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-102","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-50"],"yoast_head":"<!-- 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