{"id":209387,"date":"2024-03-21T14:07:43","date_gmt":"2024-03-21T14:07:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/%e3%82%a2%e3%83%8f%e3%83%a9%e3%83%8e%e3%83%95-%e3%83%9c%e3%83%bc%e3%83%a0%e5%8a%b9%e6%9e%9c-%e5%bc%8f%e3%80%81%e8%a7%a3%e8%aa%ac%e3%81%a8%e5%bf%9c%e7%94%a8\/"},"modified":"2024-05-17T15:11:49","modified_gmt":"2024-05-17T15:11:49","slug":"%e3%82%a2%e3%83%8f%e3%83%a9%e3%83%8e%e3%83%95-%e3%83%9c%e3%83%bc%e3%83%a0%e5%8a%b9%e6%9e%9c-%e5%bc%8f%e3%80%81%e8%a7%a3%e8%aa%ac%e3%81%a8%e5%bf%9c%e7%94%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/ja\/%e3%82%a2%e3%83%8f%e3%83%a9%e3%83%8e%e3%83%95-%e3%83%9c%e3%83%bc%e3%83%a0%e5%8a%b9%e6%9e%9c-%e5%bc%8f%e3%80%81%e8%a7%a3%e8%aa%ac%e3%81%a8%e5%bf%9c%e7%94%a8\/","title":{"rendered":"\u30a2\u30cf\u30e9\u30ce\u30d5-\u30dc\u30fc\u30e0\u52b9\u679c | \u5f0f\u3001\u89e3\u8aac\u3068\u5fdc\u7528"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u30a2\u30cf\u30e9\u30ce\u30d5-\u30dc\u30fc\u30e0\u52b9\u679c\u3068\u306f\u3001\u7c92\u5b50\u306e\u6ce2\u52d5\u95a2\u6570\u306b\u96fb\u78c1\u30dd\u30c6\u30f3\u30b7\u30e3\u30eb\u304c\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u73fe\u8c61\u3067\u3001\u91cf\u5b50\u30b3\u30f3\u30d4\u30e5\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u3084\u8d85\u9ad8\u611f\u5ea6\u8a08\u6e2c\u306b\u5fdc\u7528\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u30a2\u30cf\u30e9\u30ce\u30d5-\u30dc\u30fc\u30e0\u52b9\u679c: \u5f0f\u3001\u89e3\u8aac\u3068\u5fdc\u7528<\/h2>\n

\u30a2\u30cf\u30e9\u30ce\u30d5-\u30dc\u30fc\u30e0\u52b9\u679c\uff08Aharonov-Bohm effect\uff09\u306f\u3001\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b66\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u8208\u5473\u6df1\u3044\u73fe\u8c61\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u73fe\u8c61\u306f\u3001\u96fb\u5834\u3084\u78c1\u5834\u304c\u7c92\u5b50\u306e\u76f4\u63a5\u306e\u7d4c\u8def\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u306a\u304f\u3066\u3082\u3001\u7c92\u5b50\u306e\u6ce2\u52d5\u95a2\u6570\u306b\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b66\u306e\u5947\u5999\u3055\u3068\u7f8e\u3057\u3055\u3092\u7406\u89e3\u3059\u308b\u3046\u3048\u3067\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u6982\u5ff5\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u3055\u307e\u3056\u307e\u306a\u5fdc\u7528\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

\u30a2\u30cf\u30e9\u30ce\u30d5-\u30dc\u30fc\u30e0\u52b9\u679c\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u5f0f<\/h2>\n

\u30a2\u30cf\u30e9\u30ce\u30d5-\u30dc\u30fc\u30e0\u52b9\u679c\u3092\u8aac\u660e\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3001\u307e\u305a\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u306a\u6570\u5f0f\u3092\u5c0e\u5165\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u52b9\u679c\u3067\u306f\u3001\u7c92\u5b50\u306e\u6ce2\u52d5\u95a2\u6570\u306b\u4f4d\u76f8\u30b7\u30d5\u30c8\u304c\u767a\u751f\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u4f4d\u76f8\u30b7\u30d5\u30c8\u306f\u3001\u7d4c\u8def\u7a4d\u5206\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u8868\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f4d\u76f8\u30b7\u30d5\u30c8 \\(\\Delta \\phi\\) \u306f\u6b21\u306e\u5f0f\u3067\u8868\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\uff1a<\/p>\n

\\[ \\Delta \\phi = \\frac{e}{\\hbar} \\oint_{\\Gamma} \\mathbf{A} \\cdot d\\mathbf{l} \\]<\/p>\n

\u3053\u3053\u3067\u3001
\n– \\(e\\) \u306f\u7c92\u5b50\u306e\u96fb\u8377
\n– \\(\\hbar\\) \u306f\u30d7\u30e9\u30f3\u30af\u5b9a\u6570
\n– \\(\\mathbf{A}\\) \u306f\u96fb\u78c1\u30dd\u30c6\u30f3\u30b7\u30e3\u30eb\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb
\n– \\(\\oint_{\\Gamma}\\) \u306f\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u7d4c\u8def\u7a4d\u5206<\/p>\n

\u3053\u306e\u5f0f\u306f\u3001\u30dd\u30c6\u30f3\u30b7\u30e3\u30eb\u306e\u5f79\u5272\u3068\u3001\u7c92\u5b50\u304c\u305d\u306e\u7d4c\u8def\u3092\u901a\u904e\u3059\u308b\u969b\u306b\u53d7\u3051\u308b\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

\u30a2\u30cf\u30e9\u30ce\u30d5-\u30dc\u30fc\u30e0\u52b9\u679c\u306e\u89e3\u8aac<\/h2>\n

\u30a2\u30cf\u30e9\u30ce\u30d5-\u30dc\u30fc\u30e0\u52b9\u679c\u306f1959\u5e74\u306b\u30e4\u30ad\u30fc\u30eb\u30fb\u30a2\u30cf\u30e9\u30ce\u30d5\u3068\u30c7\u30d3\u30c3\u30c9\u30fb\u30dc\u30fc\u30e0\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u306b\u63d0\u5531\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5f7c\u3089\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u306f\u3001\u96fb\u5834\u3084\u78c1\u5834\u304c\u7269\u7406\u7684\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u306a\u3044\u9818\u57df\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3082\u7c92\u5b50\u304c\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3001\u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061\u30dd\u30c6\u30f3\u30b7\u30e3\u30eb\u304c\u6ce2\u52d5\u95a2\u6570\u306e\u4f4d\u76f8\u306b\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u793a\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5177\u4f53\u4f8b\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u78c1\u5834\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u9818\u57df\u3068\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u306a\u3044\u9818\u57df\u306b\u5206\u304b\u308c\u308b\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u72b6\u306e\u5e72\u6e09\u5b9f\u9a13\u3092\u8003\u3048\u3066\u307f\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u7c92\u5b50\u304c\u78c1\u5834\u306b\u63a5\u89e6\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3088\u3046\u306b\u79fb\u52d5\u3057\u305f\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3082\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6ce2\u52d5\u95a2\u6570\u306b\u306f\u4f4d\u76f8\u30b7\u30d5\u30c8\u304c\u751f\u3058\u3001\u5e72\u6e09\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u304c\u5909\u5316\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u73fe\u8c61\u304c\u30a2\u30cf\u30e9\u30ce\u30d5-\u30dc\u30fc\u30e0\u52b9\u679c\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

\u30a2\u30cf\u30e9\u30ce\u30d5-\u30dc\u30fc\u30e0\u52b9\u679c\u306e\u5fdc\u7528<\/h2>\n

\u3053\u306e\u52b9\u679c\u306f\u3001\u5358\u306b\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u306a\u8208\u5473\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u3001\u5b9f\u969b\u306e\u5fdc\u7528\u306b\u3082\u91cd\u8981\u3067\u3059\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306b\u305d\u306e\u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b\u306e\u5fdc\u7528\u4f8b\u3092\u7d39\u4ecb\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

\u91cf\u5b50\u30b3\u30f3\u30d4\u30e5\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0<\/h3>\n

\u30a2\u30cf\u30e9\u30ce\u30d5-\u30dc\u30fc\u30e0\u52b9\u679c\u306f\u91cf\u5b50\u30d3\u30c3\u30c8\u306e\u5236\u5fa1\u306b\u6d3b\u7528\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u91cf\u5b50\u30b3\u30f3\u30d4\u30e5\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u3067\u306f\u3001\u4f4d\u76f8\u30b7\u30d5\u30c8\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u3066\u91cf\u5b50\u30d3\u30c3\u30c8\u9593\u306e\u5e72\u6e09\u3092\u8abf\u6574\u3057\u3001\u9ad8\u901f\u304b\u3064\u52b9\u7387\u7684\u306a\u8a08\u7b97\u3092\u5b9f\u73fe\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8d85\u9ad8\u611f\u5ea6\u8a08\u6e2c\u88c5\u7f6e<\/h3>\n

\u3053\u306e\u52b9\u679c\u306f\u3001\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u5fae\u7d30\u306a\u78c1\u5834\u3084\u96fb\u5834\u306e\u8a08\u6e2c\u306b\u3082\u5fdc\u7528\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u3001\u8d85\u9ad8\u611f\u5ea6\u306a\u5e72\u6e09\u8a08\u3092\u8a2d\u8a08\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u30ca\u30ce\u30b9\u30b1\u30fc\u30eb\u3067\u306e\u7269\u8cea\u306e\u7279\u6027\u3092\u8a73\u7d30\u306b\u5206\u6790\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

\u30b9\u30d4\u30f3\u30c8\u30ed\u30cb\u30af\u30b9<\/h3>\n

\u30b9\u30d4\u30f3\u30c8\u30ed\u30cb\u30af\u30b9\u306f\u96fb\u5b50\u306e\u30b9\u30d4\u30f3\u72b6\u614b\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u3066\u60c5\u5831\u51e6\u7406\u3092\u884c\u3046\u6280\u8853\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u30a2\u30cf\u30e9\u30ce\u30d5-\u30dc\u30fc\u30e0\u52b9\u679c\u3092\u5fdc\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u30c7\u30d0\u30a4\u30b9\u306e\u6027\u80fd\u3092\u5411\u4e0a\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

\u307e\u3068\u3081<\/h2>\n

\u30a2\u30cf\u30e9\u30ce\u30d5-\u30dc\u30fc\u30e0\u52b9\u679c\u306f\u3001\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b66\u306e\u6df1\u9060\u306a\u6027\u8cea\u3092\u7406\u89e3\u3059\u308b\u52a9\u3051\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u3001\u591a\u304f\u306e\u5b9f\u969b\u306e\u5fdc\u7528\u306b\u3082\u5bc4\u4e0e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u73fe\u8c61\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u306e\u7406\u8ad6\u3068\u5b9f\u9a13\u306e\u9593\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u7dca\u5bc6\u306a\u30ea\u30f3\u30af\u3092\u6539\u3081\u3066\u8a8d\u8b58\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u672a\u6765\u306e\u6280\u8853\u767a\u5c55\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3082\u3001\u3053\u306e\u52b9\u679c\u306e\u7406\u89e3\u3068\u5fdc\u7528\u306f\u307e\u3059\u307e\u3059\u91cd\u8981\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u30a2\u30cf\u30e9\u30ce\u30d5-\u30dc\u30fc\u30e0\u52b9\u679c\u3068\u306f\u3001\u7c92\u5b50\u306e\u6ce2\u52d5\u95a2\u6570\u306b\u96fb\u78c1\u30dd\u30c6\u30f3\u30b7\u30e3\u30eb\u304c\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u73fe\u8c61\u3067\u3001\u91cf\u5b50\u30b3\u30f3\u30d4\u30e5\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u3084\u8d85\u9ad8\u611f\u5ea6\u8a08\u6e2c\u306b\u5fdc\u7528\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_generate-full-width-content":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[96],"tags":[97],"class_list":["post-209387","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-96","tag-97","generate-columns","tablet-grid-50","mobile-grid-100","grid-parent","grid-50"],"yoast_head":"\n\u30a2\u30cf\u30e9\u30ce\u30d5-\u30dc\u30fc\u30e0\u52b9\u679c | \u5f0f\u3001\u89e3\u8aac\u3068\u5fdc\u7528<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" 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