Explore the workings of inductors in electronic circuits, based on Faraday’s and Lenz’s Laws, and their key applications in electronics.
Understanding Inductors: An Essential Component of Electrical Circuits
Inductors, also known as coils or chokes, are fundamental electrical components used in electronic circuits. The principal function of an inductor is to store energy in its magnetic field. But how exactly do they work? Let’s break it down.
The Working Principle of an Inductor
The primary principle behind an inductor is based on Faraday’s Law of Electromagnetic Induction. It states that a change in magnetic flux can induce an electromotive force (EMF).
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When an electric current passes through the inductor, it creates a magnetic field around it.
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The change in current flow, whether an increase or a decrease, changes the magnetic field’s strength.
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This changing magnetic field induces a voltage or EMF that opposes the change in the original current, a phenomenon known as Lenz’s Law.
This property of an inductor to resist changes in current is called ‘inductance’, represented by the symbol ‘L’ and measured in Henry (H).
Applications of Inductors
Inductors are ubiquitous in the realm of electronics and power systems. Some of their main applications include:
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Filtering: Inductors, in combination with capacitors, are used to create filters in power supplies.
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Tuning Circuits: In radio and TV receivers, inductors help tune into different stations.
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Energy Storage: In SMPS and inductors in transformers, they store energy to be delivered to the load.
Conclusion
Though seemingly simple, inductors play an essential role in the efficient functioning of many electronic devices. Their ability to store energy and resist changes in electric current makes them an invaluable asset to electronic and power system designs.
