{"id":2357,"date":"2022-02-07T13:28:18","date_gmt":"2022-02-07T13:28:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/cation-atome-charge-positivement\/"},"modified":"2023-06-04T09:05:57","modified_gmt":"2023-06-04T09:05:57","slug":"cation-atome-charge-positivement","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/fr\/electrostatique\/charges-electriques-dans-les-atomes\/cation-atome-charge-positivement\/","title":{"rendered":"Cation &#8211; Atome charg\u00e9 positivement"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-fdbd6300\"><div class=\"gb-inside-container\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-126af6dc\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-c1544595\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-c1544595\"><div class=\"gb-inside-container\">\n\n<h2 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-b526b385\"><span class=\"gb-icon\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 80 42\" data-name=\"subtract\"><path d=\"M0 20.06h80v1.87H0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"gb-headline-text\">R\u00e9sum\u00e9 de 30 secondes<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-a14ed650 gb-headline-text\">Cation &#8211; Atome charg\u00e9 positivement<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Un ion est un atome ou une mol\u00e9cule qui a soit perdu un ou plusieurs de ses \u00e9lectrons, soit gagn\u00e9 un ou plusieurs \u00e9lectrons. Il a simplement une charge \u00e9lectrique nette. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>La charge d&rsquo;un \u00e9lectron est consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme n\u00e9gative par convention et cette charge est \u00e9gale et oppos\u00e9e \u00e0 la charge d&rsquo;un proton qui est consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme positive par convention.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Cation. Un <strong>cation<\/strong> est un ion charg\u00e9 positivement avec moins d&rsquo;\u00e9lectrons que de protons.<\/li><li>Anion. Un <strong>anion<\/strong> est un ion charg\u00e9 n\u00e9gativement avec plus d&rsquo;\u00e9lectrons que de protons.<\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-b910f0a6\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-b910f0a6\"><div class=\"gb-inside-container\">\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/cation-positively-charged-ion.png\" alt=\"cation - ion charg&#xE9; positivement\" class=\"wp-image-1828\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/cation-positively-charged-ion.png 800w, https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/cation-positively-charged-ion-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/cation-positively-charged-ion-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/cation-positively-charged-ion-768x768.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption>Un cation est un ion charg\u00e9 positivement avec moins d&rsquo;\u00e9lectrons que de protons. Les cations sont petits, la plupart d&rsquo;entre eux ont moins de 10 <sup>\u221210<\/sup> m (10 <sup>\u22128<\/sup> cm) de rayon.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"gb-shapes\"><div class=\"gb-shape gb-shape-1\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 1200 194.3\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\"><path d=\"M1200 133.3l-50 8.9c-50 8.6-150 26.9-250 31.1-100 4.2-200-4.2-300-26.7S400 89.2 300 62.2C200 35.8 100 17.5 50 8.9L0 0v194.3h1200v-61z\"\/><\/svg><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-e855c629\"><div class=\"gb-inside-container\">\n\n<h2 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-b516fbb3 gb-headline-text\">\u00c0 propos des cations<\/h2>\n\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-698e12e6\"><div class=\"gb-inside-container\">\n\n<p>Un ion est un atome ou une mol\u00e9cule qui a soit perdu un ou plusieurs de ses \u00e9lectrons, soit gagn\u00e9 un ou plusieurs \u00e9lectrons. Il a simplement une charge \u00e9lectrique nette.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>La charge d&rsquo;un \u00e9lectron est consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme n\u00e9gative par convention et cette charge est \u00e9gale et oppos\u00e9e \u00e0 la charge d&rsquo;un proton qui est consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme positive par convention.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Cation. Un <strong>cation<\/strong> est un ion charg\u00e9 positivement avec moins d&rsquo;\u00e9lectrons que de protons.<\/li><li>Anion. Un <strong>anion<\/strong> est un ion charg\u00e9 n\u00e9gativement avec plus d&rsquo;\u00e9lectrons que de protons.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<p>Les cations et les anions sont mesur\u00e9s par leur rayon ionique et ils diff\u00e8rent par leur taille relative. Les cations sont petits, la plupart d&rsquo;entre eux ont moins de 10 <sup>\u221210<\/sup> m (10 <sup>\u22128<\/sup> cm) de rayon. En g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, les <strong>anions sont plus gros que l&rsquo;atome neutre correspondant<\/strong> , car l&rsquo;ajout d&rsquo;\u00e9lectrons augmente le nombre d&rsquo;interactions de r\u00e9pulsion \u00e9lectron-\u00e9lectron qui ont lieu. Les cations sont plus petits que les atomes neutres correspondants, car les \u00e9lectrons de valence, qui sont les plus \u00e9loign\u00e9s du noyau, sont perdus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Les particules de m\u00eame signe de charge \u00e9lectrique se repoussent et les particules de signes oppos\u00e9s s&rsquo;attirent. Dans les mat\u00e9riaux, ces ions charg\u00e9s de mani\u00e8re oppos\u00e9e s&rsquo;attirent pour former une liaison ionique. Les \u00e9lectrons d&rsquo;un atome sont attir\u00e9s par les protons du noyau par la force \u00e9lectromagn\u00e9tique. Cette force lie les \u00e9lectrons \u00e0 l&rsquo;int\u00e9rieur d&rsquo;un puits de potentiel \u00e9lectrostatique entourant le plus petit noyau, ce qui signifie qu&rsquo;une source d&rsquo;\u00e9nergie externe est n\u00e9cessaire pour que l&rsquo;\u00e9lectron s&rsquo;\u00e9chappe. <\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/ions-cations-anions.png\" alt=\"ions - cations - anions\" class=\"wp-image-1842\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/ions-cations-anions.png 800w, https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/ions-cations-anions-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/ions-cations-anions-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/ions-cations-anions-768x768.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption>Un ion est un atome ou une mol\u00e9cule qui a soit perdu un ou plusieurs de ses \u00e9lectrons, soit gagn\u00e9 un ou plusieurs \u00e9lectrons. Il a simplement une charge \u00e9lectrique nette.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Un ion est un atome ou une mol\u00e9cule qui a soit perdu un ou plusieurs de ses \u00e9lectrons, soit gagn\u00e9 un ou plusieurs \u00e9lectrons. Il a simplement une charge \u00e9lectrique &#8230; <a title=\"Cation &#8211; Atome charg\u00e9 positivement\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.electricity-magnetism.org\/fr\/electrostatique\/charges-electriques-dans-les-atomes\/cation-atome-charge-positivement\/\" aria-label=\"Plus sur Cation &#8211; Atome charg\u00e9 positivement\">Lire plus<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":2522,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_generate-full-width-content":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2357","page","type-page","status-publish"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v17.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Cation | Charge \u00e9lectrique, description et taille | \u00e9lectricit\u00e9-magn\u00e9tisme.org<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Un cation est un ion charg\u00e9 positivement avec moins d&#039;\u00e9lectrons que de protons. 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